The Oxysterol 7-Ketocholesterol Reduces Zika Virus Titers in Vero Cells and Human Neurons
| Autor: | Melinda A. Brindley, Katherine A. Willard, Christina L. Elling, Steven L. Stice |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Oxysterol Cell Survival lcsh:QR1-502 Virus Replication Article lcsh:Microbiology Virus Cell Line Zika virus 03 medical and health sciences Virology Chlorocebus aethiops Autophagy Animals Humans Ketocholesterols Vero Cells Virus Release Neurons Infectivity biology neural cells Viral Load Virus Internalization biology.organism_classification antiviral compounds Flavivirus 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases Viral replication Vero cell viral replication |
| Zdroj: | Viruses Volume 11 Issue 1 Viruses, Vol 11, Iss 1, p 20 (2018) |
| ISSN: | 1999-4915 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/v11010020 |
| Popis: | Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging flavivirus responsible for a major epidemic in the Americas beginning in 2015. ZIKV associated with maternal infection can lead to neurological disorders in newborns, including microcephaly. Although there is an abundance of research examining the neurotropism of ZIKV, we still do not completely understand the mechanism by which ZIKV targets neural cells or how to limit neural cell infection. Recent research suggests that flaviviruses, including ZIKV, may hijack the cellular autophagy pathway to benefit their replication. Therefore, we hypothesized that ZIKV replication would be impacted when infected cells were treated with compounds that target the autophagy pathway. We screened a library of 94 compounds known to affect autophagy in both mammalian and insect cell lines. A subset of compounds that inhibited ZIKV replication without affecting cellular viability were tested for their ability to limit ZIKV replication in human neurons. From this second screen, we identified one compound, 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC), which inhibited ZIKV replication in neurons without significantly affecting neuron viability. Interestingly, 7-KC induces autophagy, which would be hypothesized to increase ZIKV replication, yet it decreased virus production. Time-of-addition experiments suggest 7-KC inhibits ZIKV replication late in the replication cycle. While 7-KC did not inhibit RNA replication, it decreased the number of particles in the supernatant and the relative infectivity of the released particles, suggesting it interferes with particle budding, release from the host cell, and particle integrity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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