The fate of cumulative applications of N-15-labelled fertiliser in perennial and annual bioenergy crops
| Autor: | Guillaume Vitte, Fabien Ferchaud, Jean-Marie Machet, Nicolas Beaudoin, Bruno Mary, Manuella Catterou |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Agroressources et Impacts environnementaux (AgroImpact), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), French National Research Agency (ANR), BPI-France |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Crop residue
Switchgrass 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Perennial plant [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] Biomass Miscanthus 7. Clean energy 01 natural sciences Crop Bioenergy [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences 2. Zero hunger Nitrogen use efficiency Ecology biology Soil organic matter 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences 15. Life on land biology.organism_classification Nitrogen fertiliser Agronomy [SDE]Environmental Sciences 040103 agronomy & agriculture 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Environmental science Animal Science and Zoology N-15 Agronomy and Crop Science Sweet sorghum |
| Zdroj: | Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, Elsevier Masson, 2016, 223, pp.76-86. ⟨10.1016/j.agee.2016.02.030⟩ |
| ISSN: | 0167-8809 |
| Popis: | International audience; The fate of nitrogen (N) fertiliser applied to bioenergy crops is a key issue to allow high biomass production while minimising environmental impacts due to N losses. The aim of this study was to follow the fate in the soil-plant system of N fertiliser applied to perennial (Miscanthus x giganteus and switchgrass), "semi-perennial" (fescue and alfalfa) and annual (sorghum and triticale) bioenergy crops. Crops received N-15-labelled fertiliser (urea ammonium nitrate solution) during 4 or 5 successive years on the same subplots, at a rate varying from 24 to 120 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1). Biomass production, N and N-15 removal at harvest were measured each year. The N-15 recovery in crop residues, non-harvested crop parts and soil was measured at the end of the N-15-labelling period. Perennial crops had higher biomass production but generally lower N-15 recovery in harvested biomass than other crops, particularly when harvested late (end of winter). At the end of the 4 or 5-year period, the proportion of N-15 recovered in harvested biomass was 13-34% for perennials, 23-38% for semi-perennials and 34-39% for annual crops. Perennial crops stored large amounts of N in their belowground organs; the mean N-15 recovery in these organs was 12%, corresponding to a N storage flux of 14 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1). The N-15 recovery in soil (including crop residues) was higher for perennials (average 36%) than semi-perennials (28%) and annual crops (19%), corresponding to a N immobilisation rate of 43,15 and 12 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) respectively. The mean overall N-15 recovery in the soil-plant system was 69% in perennials, 61% in semi-perennials to 56% in annual crops, suggesting that important fertiliser losses occurred through volatilisation and denitrification. Perennial bioenergy crops had the better efficiency by storing fertiliser-N in soil organic matter and living belowground biomass used as N reserves for succeeding years. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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