Identification and Quantification of Cocaine and Active Adulterants in Coca-Paste Seized Samples: Useful Scientific Support to Health Care

Autor:	Martín Galvalisi, Juan Andrés Abin-Carriquiry, Manuel Minteguiaga, Marcela Martínez-Busi, María Cecilia Scorza, José Pedro Prieto
Rok vydání:	2018
Předmět:	Male Coca Pharmacology toxicology Toxicology 01 natural sciences Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Cocaine Caffeine medicine Abuse liability Animals Anesthetics Local Rats Wistar Chromatography High Pressure Liquid Chemical content Chromatography Illicit Drugs Chemistry General Neuroscience 010401 analytical chemistry Phenacetin Plasma levels Rats 0104 chemical sciences Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry Drug Contamination 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug
Zdroj:	Neurotoxicity Research. 34:295-304
ISSN:	1476-3524 1029-8428
Popis:	Adulteration is a common practice in the illicit drugs market, but the psychoactive and toxic effects provided by adulterants are clinically underestimated. Coca-paste (CP) is a smokable form of cocaine which has an extremely high abuse liability. CP seized samples are sold adulterated; however, qualitative and quantitative data of CP adulteration in forensic literature is still scarce. Besides, it is unknown if adulterants remain stable when CP is heated. This study was designed to report the chemical content of an extensive series of CP seized samples and to demonstrate the stability (i.e., chemical integrity) of the adulterants heated. To achieve this goal, the following strategies were applied: (1) a CP adulterated sample was heated and its fume was chemically analyzed; (2) the vapor of isolated adulterants were analyzed after heating; (3) plasma levels of animals exposed to CP and adulterants were measured. Ninety percent of CP seized samples were adulterated. Adulteration was dominated by phenacetin and caffeine and much less by other compounds (i.e., aminopyrine, levamisole, benzocaine). In the majority of CP analyzed samples, both cocaine and caffeine content was 30%, phenacetin 20% and the combination of these three components reached 90%. Typical cocaine pyrolysis compounds (i.e., BA, CMCHTs, and AEME) were observed in the volatilized cocaine and CP sample but no pyrolysis compounds were found after isolated adulterants heating. Cocaine, phenacetin, and caffeine were detected in plasma. We provide current forensic data about CP seized samples and demonstrated the chemical integrity of their adulterants heated.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::fa0337b29e222f8ed1e885b9df6c1024 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-018-9887-1 Zobrazit plný text záznamu Plný text ve formátu PDF Plný text ve formátu HTML
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje	K zobrazení výsledku je třeba se přihlásit.