Randomized trial of the effect of zinc supplementation on the mental health of school-age children in Guatemala
| Autor: | Ann DiGirolamo, Aryeh D. Stein, Daniel W. Sellen, Usha Ramakrishnan, Rafael Flores-Ayala, Reynaldo Martorell, Meng Wang, L M Neufeld, Maureen M. Black, Manuel Ramirez-Zea |
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| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Medicine (miscellaneous) chemistry.chemical_element Child Behavior Zinc Anxiety Placebo law.invention Randomized controlled trial Double-Blind Method Nutritional Epidemiology and Public Health law Internal medicine medicine Humans Psychiatry Child Depression (differential diagnoses) Nutrition and Dietetics business.industry Depression Mental Disorders Social Behavior Disorders medicine.disease Guatemala Trace Elements Mental Health chemistry El Niño Conduct disorder Dietary Supplements Zinc deficiency medicine.symptom business |
| Zdroj: | The American journal of clinical nutrition. 92(5) |
| ISSN: | 1938-3207 |
| Popis: | Background: Rates of mental illness in children are increasing throughout the world. Observational studies of depression, anxiety, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder suggest that zinc is an alternative treatment. Objective: We examined the effect of zinc supplementation on the mental health of school-age children in Guatemala. Design: From January to October 2006, we conducted a 6-mo randomized, double-blind, controlled trial comparing zinc supplementation (10 mg ZnO/d for 5 d/wk) with a placebo (10 mg glucose) in 674 Guatemalan children in grades 1‐4. Outcome measures included internalizing (ie, depression and anxiety) and externalizing (ie, hyperactivity and conduct disorder) problem behaviors, positive behaviors (ie, socialization and leadership), and serum zinc concentrations. Results: Zinc and placebo groups did not differ significantly in any behavioral measures at baseline or at follow-up. At baseline, 21.4% of children had serum zinc concentrations ,65 lg/dL. At followup, both groups improved significantly, and zinc concentrations were higher in the zinc group. Increases in serum zinc concentrations were inversely associated with decreases in depressive symptoms (estimate: 20.01 points per lg Zn/dL; P = 0.01), anxiety (estimate: 20.012 points per lg Zn/dL; P = 0.02), internalizing symptoms (estimate: 20.021 points per lg Zn/dL; P = 0.02), and social skills (estimate: 20.019 points per lg Zn/dL; P = 0.01) in adjusted models that were controlled for child age, sex, socioeconomic status, household, and treatment group. Conclusions: Six months of zinc supplementation did not induce differences in mental health outcomes between zinc and placebo groups. However, increases in serum zinc concentrations were associated with decreases in internalizing symptoms (ie, depression and anxiety) in a community-based sample of children at risk of zinc deficiency. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00283660. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;92:1241‐50. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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