Preexisting and de novo humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in humans

Autor: Dhira Joshi, Lucy R. Marshall, Lucy R. Wedderburn, Stavroula Paraskevopoulou, Steve Gamblin, Georgina H. Cornish, Sonia Gandhi, Charles Swanton, John W. McCauley, William Bolland, Svend Kjaer, Nikhil Faulkner, Hannah Rickman, Rachel Ulferts, Philip Hobson, D.J. Benton, Laura E. McCoy, Ana Agua-Doce, Rupert Beale, Annachiara Rosa, Chloe Roustan, Nicola O’Reilly, Catherine F Houlihan, Christopher Earl, Eleni Nastouli, A.G. Wrobel, Rachael Thompson, Brigitta Stockinger, Kirsty Thomson, Catherine Moore, Bethany R. Jebson, Anna Radziszewska, Coziana Ciurtin, Andrew Riddell, Saira Hussain, Emilie Sanchez, Peter Cherepanov, Elizabeth C. Rosser, Meredyth G. Ll Wilkinson, Kevin W. Ng, Ruth Harvey, Philip A. Walker, Hannah Peckham, Judith Heaney, Gee Yen Shin, Moira J. Spyer, George Kassiotis
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Male
0301 basic medicine
viruses
Antibodies
Viral
Viral Zoonoses
Immunoglobulin G
0302 clinical medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
skin and connective tissue diseases
Aged
80 and over
chemistry.chemical_classification
Multidisciplinary
biology
medicine.diagnostic_test
virus diseases
Microbio
Middle Aged
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Titer
Spike Glycoprotein
Coronavirus
Science & Technology - Other Topics
Female
Antibody
Adult
General Science & Technology
Immunology
Flow cytometry
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Immunity
Report
medicine
Animals
Humans
Amino Acid Sequence
Aged
Science & Technology
SARS-CoV-2
fungi
COVID-19
biochemical phenomena
metabolism
and nutrition
Immunity
Humoral
Immunoglobulin A
body regions
HEK293 Cells
030104 developmental biology
Epitope mapping
Immunoglobulin M
chemistry
Humoral immunity
biology.protein
Glycoprotein
Epitope Mapping
Reports
Zdroj: Science (New York, N.y.)
Science
ISSN: 1095-9203
0036-8075
Popis: Antibodies predating infection Immunological memory after infection with seasonal human coronaviruses (hCoVs) may potentially contribute to cross-protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Ng et al. report that in a cohort of 350 SARS-CoV-2–uninfected individuals, a small proportion had circulating immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies that could cross-react with the S2 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (see the Perspective by Guthmiller and Wilson). By contrast, COVID-19 patients generated IgA, IgG, and IgM antibodies that recognized both the S1 and S2 subunits. The anti-S2 antibodies from SARS-CoV-2–uninfected patients showed specific neutralizing activity against both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 S pseudotypes. A much higher percentage of SARS-CoV-2–uninfected children and adolescents were positive for these antibodies compared with adults. This pattern may be due to the fact that children and adolescents generally have higher hCoV infection rates and a more diverse antibody repertoire, which may explain the age distribution of COVID-19 susceptibility. Science, this issue p. 1339; see also p. 1272
SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies can be found in some uninfected individuals—predominantly children and adolescents.
Zoonotic introduction of novel coronaviruses may encounter preexisting immunity in humans. Using diverse assays for antibodies recognizing SARS-CoV-2 proteins, we detected preexisting humoral immunity. SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S)–reactive antibodies were detectable using a flow cytometry–based method in SARS-CoV-2–uninfected individuals and were particularly prevalent in children and adolescents. They were predominantly of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) class and targeted the S2 subunit. By contrast, SARS-CoV-2 infection induced higher titers of SARS-CoV-2 S–reactive IgG antibodies targeting both the S1 and S2 subunits, and concomitant IgM and IgA antibodies, lasting throughout the observation period. SARS-CoV-2–uninfected donor sera exhibited specific neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 S pseudotypes. Distinguishing preexisting and de novo immunity will be critical for our understanding of susceptibility to and the natural course of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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