Molecular Insights into DNA Polymerase Deterrents for Ribonucleotide Insertion*♦
| Autor: | Lee G. Pedersen, Vinod K. Batra, William A. Beard, Samuel H. Wilson, Nisha A. Cavanaugh, Lalith Perera |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Ribonucleotide
Stereochemistry DNA polymerase DNA polymerase beta Crystallography X-Ray Biochemistry Substrate Specificity chemistry.chemical_compound Catalytic Domain Humans Protein–DNA interaction Molecular Biology DNA Polymerase beta biology Active site Hydrogen Bonding Cell Biology Ribonucleotides Enzyme structure Protein Structure Tertiary chemistry Amino Acid Substitution biology.protein Enzymology Thermodynamics Primer (molecular biology) Crystallization DNA |
| Popis: | DNA polymerases can misinsert ribonucleotides that lead to genomic instability. DNA polymerase β discourages ribonucleotide insertion with the backbone carbonyl of Tyr-271; alanine substitution of Tyr-271, but not Phe-272, resulted in a >10-fold loss in discrimination. The Y271A mutant also inserted ribonucleotides more efficiently than wild type on a variety of ribonucleoside (rNMP)-containing DNA substrates. Substituting Mn(2+) for Mg(2+) decreased sugar discrimination for both wild-type and mutant enzymes primarily by increasing the affinity for rCTP. This facilitated crystallization of ternary substrate complexes of both the wild-type and Y271A mutant enzymes. Crystallographic structures of Y271A- and wild type-substrate complexes indicated that rCTP is well accommodated in the active site but that O2' of rCTP and the carbonyl oxygen of Tyr-271 or Ala-271 are unusually close (∼2.5 and 2.6 A, respectively). Structure-based modeling indicates that the local energetic cost of positioning these closely spaced oxygens is ∼2.2 kcal/mol for the wild-type enzyme. Because the side chain of Tyr-271 also hydrogen bonds with the primer terminus, loss of this interaction affects its catalytic positioning. Our results support a model where DNA polymerase β utilizes two strategies, steric and geometric, with a single protein residue to deter ribonucleotide insertion. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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