School snacks decrease morbidity in Kenyan schoolchildren: a cluster randomized, controlled feeding intervention trial
| Autor: | Luohua Jiang, Robert E. Weiss, Nimrod O. Bwibo, Charlotte G. Neumann |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Vitamin Pediatrics medicine.medical_specialty Meat Appetite Medicine (miscellaneous) HOT TOPIC – Nutrition in low and middle income countries Infections Disease cluster law.invention chemistry.chemical_compound Randomized controlled trial law Internal medicine Animal source foods Prevalence medicine Animals Humans Longitudinal Studies Cluster randomised controlled trial Child Vitamin A School Health Services Nutrition and Dietetics Vitamin A Deficiency business.industry Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Respiratory infection medicine.disease Kenya Diet Vitamin A deficiency Milk chemistry Food Fortified Female Chills Morbidity Plants Edible Snacks medicine.symptom Energy Intake business Oils |
| Zdroj: | Public Health Nutr |
| ISSN: | 1475-2727 1368-9800 |
| DOI: | 10.1017/s1368980013000876 |
| Popis: | ObjectiveTo examine the effects of three different school snacks on morbidity outcomes.DesignTwelve schools were randomized to either one of three feeding groups or a Control group. There were three schools per group in this cluster randomized trial. Children in feeding group schools received school snacks of a local plant-based dish, githeri, with meat, milk or extra oil added. The oil used was later found to be fortified with retinol. Physical status, food intake and morbidity outcomes were assessed longitudinally over two years.SettingRural Embu District, Kenya, an area with high prevalence of vitamin A deficiency.SubjectsStandard 1 schoolchildren (n 902; analytic sample) enrolled in two cohorts from the same schools one year apart.ResultsThe Meat and Plain Githeri (i.e. githeri + oil) groups showed the greatest declines in the probability of a morbidity outcome (PMO) for total and severe illnesses, malaria, poor appetite, reduced activity, fever and chills. The Meat group showed significantly greater declines in PMO for gastroenteritis (mainly diarrhoea) and typhoid compared with the Control group, for jaundice compared with the Plain Githeri group, and for skin infection compared with the Milk group. The Milk group showed the greatest decline in PMO for upper respiratory infection. For nearly all morbidity outcomes the Control group had the highest PMO and the least decline over time.ConclusionsThe intervention study showed beneficial effects of both animal-source foods and of vitamin A-fortified oil on morbidity status. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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