Immunologic Profiling of the Atlantic Salmon Gill by Single Nuclei Transcriptomics
| Autor: | Samuel A.M. Martin, David G. Hazlerigg, Torfinn Nome, Even H. Jørgensen, Simen Rød Sandve, Andrew S. I. Loudon, Shona H. Wood, Marianne Iversen, Alexander C. West, Louise Ince, Yasutaka Mizoro |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Fish Proteins
Gills Cell type Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) Cell Salmo salar Immunology Biology photoperiod Transcriptome 03 medical and health sciences smoltification 0302 clinical medicine immune cells Gene expression medicine VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480 Immunology and Allergy Animals Seawater RNA-Seq 030304 developmental biology Smoltification Original Research 0303 health sciences Fish migration single nuclei RNA sequencing Gene Expression Profiling gill Salt Tolerance RC581-607 Phenotype Cell biology medicine.anatomical_structure Gene Expression Regulation Animal Migration Immunologic diseases. Allergy Single-Cell Analysis Reprogramming 030217 neurology & neurosurgery VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Immunology Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 12 (2021) |
| Popis: | Anadromous salmonids begin life adapted to the freshwater environments of their natal streams before a developmental transition, known as smoltification, transforms them into marine-adapted fish. In the wild, smoltification is a photoperiod-regulated process, involving radical remodeling of gill function to cope with the profound osmotic and immunological challenges of seawater (SW) migration. While prior work has highlighted the role of specialized “mitochondrion-rich” cells (MRCs) and accessory cells (ACs) in delivering this phenotype, recent RNA profiling experiments suggest that remodeling is far more extensive than previously appreciated. Here, we use single-nuclei RNAseq to characterize the extent of cytological changes in the gill of Atlantic salmon during smoltification and SW transfer. We identify 20 distinct cell clusters, including known, but also novel gill cell types. These data allow us to isolate cluster-specific, smoltification-associated changes in gene expression and to describe how the cellular make-up of the gill changes through smoltification. As expected, we noted an increase in the proportion of seawater mitochondrion-rich cells, however, we also identify previously unknown reduction of several immune-related cell types. Overall, our results provide fresh detail of the cellular complexity in the gill and suggest that smoltification triggers unexpected immune reprogramming. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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