Differences induced in the soil organic matter characteristics and microbial activity by various management pratices in long term field experiments
| Autor: | E. Barriuso, R. Chaussod, S. Bourgeois, C. Hounemenou, S. Houot |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut francilien recherche, innovation et société (IFRIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-OST-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-ESIEE Paris-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), J. Berthelin, Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-OST-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-ESIEE Paris-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 1991 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Diversity of Environment Biogeochemistry developments in geochemistry Diversity of Environment Biogeochemistry developments in geochemistry, 1991 |
| Popis: | Two long term field experiments — one started in 1875, a wheat–sugar beet rotation (the “Deherain” experiment), the other kept bare for 28 years (the “36 parcelles” experiment) — have created differences in soil organic matter evolution. Organic matter distribution in the various soil textural classes, its extractability, the microbial biomass and carbon and nitrogen mineralization rates were compared, between both systems and within each system, for various management practices (crop residues, farmyard manure or inorganic nitrogen applications). Lower organic inputs (roots, crop residues, farmyard manure) decreased total soil organic carbon which was mostly in the silt and clay fractions. Only the fine silt and clay fractions presented a relative enrichment in organic carbon, except in some of the bare plots where straw incorporation maintained a high carbon content in the large size fraction. Microbial biomass measured by the fumigation method was related to the total organic carbon content (1.8 to 3.2%). The plant presence increased the microbial biomass but did not modify its energetic characteristics (turnover time, specific respiration). Rates of C and N mineralization were constant during the incubation period. The apparent C/N ratio of mineralization (CO 2 -C/mineral N accumulated) was 20 in the cultivated plots, 30 in the bare plots. The plants supplied in nitrogen a rather labile pool of organic matter whose carbon content was related to the carbon yearly input to the soils (rhizodepositions, farmyard manure, straw). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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