Trypanosoma cruzi transmission dynamics in a synanthropic and domesticated host community
| Autor: | Sébastien Gourbière, Alheli Flores-Ferrer, Guilhem Rascalou, Eric Dumonteil, Etienne Waleckx |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Laboratoire Génome et développement des plantes (LGDP), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IRD Bolivie, Department of tropical Medicine, Tulane University, Tulane University Health Sciences Center [New Orleans, LA, USA], Centre for the Study of Evolution and School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Physiology [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] RC955-962 law.invention 0302 clinical medicine law Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine Medicine and Health Sciences Triatoma Protozoans Trypanosoma Cruzi Mammals biology Incidence Eukaryota Body Fluids Blood Infectious Diseases Transmission (mechanics) Animals Domestic Vertebrates Neglected tropical diseases Anatomy Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Research Article Chagas disease Trypanosoma 030231 tropical medicine Zoology Animals Wild Context (language use) Rodents Birds 03 medical and health sciences Dogs parasitic diseases Disease Transmission Infectious Parasitic Diseases medicine Animals Humans Chagas Disease Computer Simulation Triatoma dimidiata Trypanosoma cruzi Mexico Disease Reservoirs Organisms Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Biology and Life Sciences Tropical disease medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Parasitic Protozoans Insect Vectors Vector-Borne Diseases 030104 developmental biology Vector (epidemiology) Amniotes Cats |
| Zdroj: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 12, p e0007902 (2019) PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2019, 13 (12), pp.e0007902. ⟨10.1371/journal.pntd.0007902⟩ |
| ISSN: | 1935-2735 1935-2727 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007902 |
| Popis: | Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, a Neglected Tropical Disease affecting 8 million people in the Americas. Triatomine hematophagous vectors feed on a high diversity of vertebrate species that can be reservoirs or dead-end hosts, such as avian species refractory to T. cruzi. To understand its transmission dynamics in synanthropic and domesticated species living within villages is essential to quantify disease risk and assess the potential of zooprophylaxis. We developed a SI model of T. cruzi transmission in a multi-host community where vector reproduction and parasite transmission depend on a triatomine blood-feeding rate accounting for vector host preferences and interference while feeding. The model was parameterized to describe T. cruzi transmission in villages of the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico, using the information about Triatoma dimidiata vectors and host populations accumulated over the past 15 years. Extensive analyses of the model showed that dogs are key reservoirs and contributors to human infection, as compared to synanthropic rodents and cats, while chickens or other domesticated avian hosts dilute T. cruzi transmission despite increasing vector abundance. In this context, reducing the number of dogs or increasing avian hosts abundance decreases incidence in humans by up to 56% and 39%, respectively, while combining such changes reduces incidence by 71%. Although such effects are only reached over >10-years periods, they represent important considerations to be included in the design of cost-effective Integrated Vector Management. The concomitant reduction in T. cruzi vector prevalence estimated by simulating these zooprophylactic interventions could indeed complement the removal of colonies from the peridomiciles or the use of insect screens that lower vector indoor abundance by ~60% and ~80%. These new findings reinforce the idea that education and community empowerment to reduce basic risk factors is a cornerstone to reach and sustain the key objective of interrupting Chagas disease intra-domiciliary transmission. Author summary ‘Chagas disease’ (CD) is a Neglected Tropical Disease endemic in 21 American countries that is caused by a parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, transmitted to vertebrates including humans by triatomine bugs. The main strategy to restrain CD burden consists of spraying insecticides in human dwellings. However, vector control failures and emerging insecticide resistance require complementing strategies. One such strategy could be to change the human associated host community so that the abundance of parasite ‘reservoirs’ decreases and those of parasite ‘dead-ends’ increases. This requires careful quantitative evaluation using specifically tailored mathematical models. By doing so, we showed that reducing the abundance of reservoir dogs and increasing those of avian hosts that cannot be infected by T. cruzi can lower new human infections by up to 56% and 39%. Although such effects take time to manifest themselves, our results suggest that ‘zooprophylaxis’ can be part of an integrated and sustainable disease management. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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