Antibiotic Consumption, Bacterial Resistance and their Correlation in a Swiss University Hospital and its Adult Intensive Care Units

Autor: J. M. Loeffler, Peter Rohner, Stéphan Juergen Harbarth, Daniel Pablo Lew, Jorge Garbino
Rok vydání: 2003
Předmět:
Male
Microbiology (medical)
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty
medicine.drug_class
Antibiotics
Bacterial Infections/diagnosis/ drug therapy
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Drug resistance
Gram-Positive Bacteria
Risk Assessment
Cohort Studies
Hospitals
University
Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects
Drug Utilization Review
Antibiotic resistance
Drug Resistance
Multiple
Bacterial
Intensive care
Internal medicine
Gram-Negative Bacteria
medicine
Anti-Bacterial Agents/ administration & dosage/pharmacology
Humans
Retrospective Studies
Antibacterial agent
ddc:616
General Immunology and Microbiology
business.industry
Incidence
Bacterial Infections
General Medicine
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Penicillin
Intensive Care Units
Infectious Diseases
Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects
Female
Gentamicin
business
Switzerland
Piperacillin
medicine.drug
Zdroj: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 35, No 11-12 (2003) pp. 843-850
ISSN: 1651-1980
0036-5548
DOI: 10.1080/00365540310016646
Popis: Ecological surveys of high-antibiotic use areas in the hospital should be used to evaluate patterns and trends in order to optimise antibiotic consumption and minimise resistance. We conducted a retrospective cohort study with the aim to examine trends in antimicrobial consumption and bacterial susceptibility at the Geneva University Hospital and its adult ICUs between 1996 and 2000. The average annual consumption of antimicrobials was 400 d-defined doses (DDD)/1000 patient-d in the entire hospital, 462 in the surgical ICU and 683 in the medical ICU. In the medical ICU, we observed a steady decrease of intravenous antimicrobial use, whereas a 25% increase in the total antimicrobial consumption was noted in 1999 and 2000 for the entire hospital. The proportion of different bacterial species, resistance rates and antibiotic consumption rates differed between the entire hospital and the ICUs, with moderate variation between y. Possible relationships between antibiotic consumption and resistance rates, expressed as DDD and as number of resistant isolates per 1000 patient-d respectively, were calculated for of the most frequently isolated bacteria (total 71 correlations). Statistically significant positive correlations between antibiotic consumption and resistance were found in Escherichia coli for piperacillin, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa for piperacillin, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides, in Klebsiella spp. for cephalosporin, in coagulase-negative staphylococci for gentamicin and in Streptococcus pneumoniae for penicillin.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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