US residential building air exchange rates: new perspectives to improve decision making at vapor intrusion sites
| Autor: | Donald G. Colliver, Kelly G. Pennell, Rivka Reichman, Elham Shirazi |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Engineering
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Indoor air Decision Making Air pollution Context (language use) 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences Article Indoor air quality medicine Environmental Chemistry 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Air Movements business.industry Air exchange Environmental resource management Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Environmental engineering General Medicine Models Theoretical Air conditioning Air Pollution Indoor Vapor intrusion Housing Spatial variability Gases business |
| Zdroj: | Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts. 19:87-100 |
| ISSN: | 2050-7895 2050-7887 |
| DOI: | 10.1039/c6em00504g |
| Popis: | Vapor intrusion (VI) is well-known to be difficult to characterize because indoor air (IA) concentrations exhibit considerable temporal and spatial variability in homes throughout impacted communities. To overcome this and other limitations, most VI science has focused on subsurface processes; however there is a need to understand the role of aboveground processes, especially building operation, in the context of VI exposure risks. This tutorial review focuses on building air exchange rates (AERs) and provides a review of literature related building AERs to inform decision making at VI sites. Commonly referenced AER values used by VI regulators and practitioners do not account for the variability in AER values that have been published in indoor air quality studies. The information presented herein highlights that seasonal differences, short-term weather conditions, home age and air conditioning status, which are well known to influence AERs, are also likely to influence IA concentrations at VI sites. Results of a 3D VI model in combination with relevant AER values reveal that IA concentrations can vary more than one order of magnitude due to air conditioning status and one order of magnitude due to house age. Collectively, the data presented strongly support the need to consider AERs when making decisions at VI sites. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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