Photocatalytic Synthesis of Urea from in situ Generated Ammonia and Carbon Dioxide
| Autor: | Gullapelli Sadanandam, Bhudev Ranjan De, Chilumula Hymavathi, B. Srinivas, Valluri Durga Kumari, Machiraju Subrahmanyam |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Ultraviolet Rays
Batch reactor Oxalic acid Inorganic chemistry Biochemistry Catalysis 2-Propanol chemistry.chemical_compound Ammonia Adsorption X-Ray Diffraction Urea Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Zeolite Titanium Nitrates Chemistry Oxalic Acid Water General Medicine Carbon Dioxide Photochemical Processes Microscopy Electron Scanning Zeolites Photocatalysis Spectrophotometry Ultraviolet |
| Zdroj: | Photochemistry and Photobiology. 88:233-241 |
| ISSN: | 0031-8655 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.01037.x |
| Popis: | TiO(2) and Fe-titanate (different wt%) supported on zeolite were prepared by sol-gel and solid-state dispersion methods. The photocatalysts prepared were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet (UV)-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy techniques. Photocatalytic reduction of nitrate in water and isopropanol/oxalic acid as hole scavengers are investigated in a batch reactor under UV illumination. The yield of urea increased notably when the catalysts were supported on zeolite. The Fe-titanate supported catalyst promotes the charge separation that contributes to an increase in selective formation of urea. The product formation is because of the high adsorption of in situ generated CO(2) and NH(3) over shape-selective property of the zeolite in the composite photocatalyst. The maximum yield of urea is found to be 18 ppm while 1% isopropanol containing solution over 10 wt% Fe-titanate/HZSM-5 photocatalyst was used. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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