Neurotoxicosis in horses associated with consumption of Trema micrantha
| Autor: | Welden Panziera, Paula Reis Pereira, D. Driemeier, Fernando Froner Argenta, Rafaela Albuquerque Caprioli, Márcia Elisa Hammerschmitt, Marina Paula Lorenzett, Matheus Viezzer Bianchi, S. P. Pavarini, Daniele Mariath Bassuino, C. S. L. de Barros, Guilherme Konradt |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Pathology Ataxia 040301 veterinary sciences Central nervous system Grey matter Malacia 0403 veterinary science Liquefactive necrosis Central Nervous System Diseases medicine Animals Horses Retrospective Studies Plant Poisoning Trema micrantha biology business.industry 0402 animal and dairy science 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences General Medicine medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Spinal cord 040201 dairy & animal science Plants Toxic Trema medicine.anatomical_structure Histopathology Horse Diseases medicine.symptom business |
| Zdroj: | Equine veterinary journal. 50(2) |
| ISSN: | 2042-3306 |
| Popis: | SummaryBackground Trema micrantha is a tree widely distributed throughout the Americas. The tree produces highly palatable leaves that have been associated with natural poisoning in goats, sheep and horses, in which hepatic necrosis and hepatic encephalopathy have been observed. Objectives This study describes malacia and haemorrhage in the central nervous system due to T. micrantha consumption, with minimal to absent hepatic lesions. Study design Retrospective case series. Methods Fourteen horses with a history of neurological signs and spontaneous consumption of T. micrantha leaves were submitted to necropsy and multiple samples were collected for histopathology. Details of clinical history and signs of the horses were obtained through inquiries to the owners and attending veterinarians. Results Fourteen horses had neurological signs of ataxia, severe sialorrhea, involuntary running movements, sternal and lateral recumbency and death after a clinical course that lasted from 24 h to nine days. For a few days prior to onset of clinical signs, all horses had spontaneously consumed, potentially toxic doses of T. micrantha leaves. All 14 brains had diffuse yellowish discoloration affecting the rhombencephalum, mesencephalon, diencephalon, telencephalon and corpus striatum. In all cases, the most severe lesions were observed in the pons. Spinal cord lesions were observed affecting the lumbar intumescence, which was swollen with darken and depressed areas at the dorsal and ventral horns, and at the sacral level, which on cut surface displayed a friable and yellowish grey matter. The lesions observed grossly in brain and spinal cord consisted microscopically of severe vasculitis and liquefactive necrosis of white and grey matter of the brainstem, cerebellum and spinal cord. Main limitations This is a small retrospective series relying on clinical observations reported by owners and attending veterinarians. The mechanism of action of the plant toxin in the CNS is still unidentified. Conclusion T. micrantha poisoning in horses causes predominantly a neurological disease, with minimal to absent hepatic lesions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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