Rapid induction of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells is associated with coordinated humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination
| Autor: | Amy E. Baxter, Kendall A. Lundgreen, Jacob T. Hamilton, Sigrid Gouma, Oliva Kuthuru, Christopher M McAllister, Sarah Dysinger, Divij Mathew, Daniela Weiskopf, Leticia Kuri-Cervantes, Josephine R. Giles, Allison R. Greenplate, Alba Grifoni, Ramin S. Herati, Amanda Hicks, Ajinkya Pattekar, Michael R. Betts, Madison E. Weirick, Derek A. Oldridge, Jeanette Dougherty, Sharon Adamski, Scott E. Hensley, Paul Bates, Scott Korte, Sokratis A. Apostolidis, Alessandro Sette, Mark M Painter, Sherea Long, Kurt D'Andrea, Philip Hicks, E. John Wherry, Rishi R. Goel |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Antigens
Differentiation T-Lymphocyte Male Cellular immunity Cell Priming (immunology) Tfh CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes Antibodies Viral Lymphocyte Activation Th1 Immunology and Allergy AIM Immunity Cellular biology Vaccination Middle Aged Infectious Diseases medicine.anatomical_structure Spike Glycoprotein Coronavirus activation induced markers Female Antibody 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 Adult COVID-19 Vaccines Immunology T cells Immunization Secondary Article immunological memory Young Adult Immune system Antigens CD medicine Humans Lectins C-Type BNT162 Vaccine Messenger RNA SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Th1 Cells Antibodies Neutralizing Immunity Humoral mRNA vaccine T follicular helper biology.protein Peptides Immunologic Memory CD8 |
| Zdroj: | Immunity |
| ISSN: | 1097-4180 1074-7613 |
| Popis: | SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines have shown remarkable clinical efficacy, but questions remain about the nature and kinetics of T cell priming. We performed longitudinal antigen-specific T cell analyses on healthy SARS-CoV-2-naive and recovered individuals prior to and following mRNA prime and boost vaccination. Vaccination induced rapid antigen-specific CD4+ T cell responses in naive subjects after the first dose, whereas CD8+ T cell responses developed gradually and were variable in magnitude. Vaccine-induced Th1 and Tfh cell responses following the first dose correlated with post-boost CD8+ T cells and neutralizing antibodies, respectively. Integrated analysis revealed coordinated immune responses with distinct trajectories in SARS-CoV-2-naive and recovered individuals. Last, whereas booster vaccination improved T cell responses in SARS-CoV-2-naive subjects, the second dose had little effect in SARS-CoV-2-recovered individuals. These findings highlight the role of rapidly primed CD4+ T cells in coordinating responses to the second vaccine dose in SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals. Graphical abstract SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines have demonstrated remarkable efficacy, but T cell responses to vaccination have not been well studied. In a longitudinal cohort, Painter et al. show that mRNA vaccines activate SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells that could contribute to durable immunity. The findings highlight the central role of T cells in the two-dose vaccine regimen for individuals not previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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