Modelling sediment fluxes in the Danube River Basin with SWAT
| Autor: | Fayçal Bouraoui, Samo Grošelj, Olga Vigiak, Florin Obreja, Helmut Habersack, Matthias Vanmaercke, Anna Malagó, Jean Poesen, János Fehér |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Hydrology
geography Environmental Engineering geography.geographical_feature_category 0208 environmental biotechnology Drainage basin Sediment 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Pollution Deposition (geology) 020801 environmental engineering Tributary Erosion Environmental Chemistry Environmental science SWAT model Waste Management and Disposal Sedimentary budget Stream power 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Popis: | Sediment management is of prior concern in the Danube Basin for provision of economic and environmental services. This study aimed at assessing current (1995-2009) sediment fluxes of the Danube Basin with SWAT model and identifying sediment budget knowledge gaps. After hydrologic calibration, hillslope gross erosion and sediment yields were broadly calibrated using ancillary data (measurements in plots and small catchments, and national and European erosion maps). Mean annual sediment concentrations (SSC) from 269 gauging stations (2968 station-year entries; median 19mg/L, interquartile range IQR 10-36mg/L) were used for calibrating in-stream sediments. SSC residuals (simulations-observations) median was 2mg/L (IQR -14; +22mg/L). In the validation dataset (172 gauging stations; 1457 data-entries, median 17mg/L, IQR 10-28), median residual was 9mg/L (IQR -9; +39mg/L). Percent bias in an independent dataset of annual sediment yields (SSY; 689 data-entries in 95 stations; median 52t/km2/y, IQR 20-151t/km2/y) was -21.5%. Overall, basin-wide model performance was considered satisfactory. Sediment fluxes appeared overestimated in some regions (Sava and Velika Morava), and underestimated in others (Siret-Prut and Romanian Danube), but unbiased elsewhere. According to the model, most sediments were generated by hillslope erosion. Streambank degradation contributed about 5% of sediments, and appeared important in high stream power Alpine reaches. Sediment trapping in reservoirs and floodplain deposition was probably underestimated and counterbalanced by high stream deposition. Factor analysis showed that model underestimations were correlated to Alpine and karst areas, whereas underestimations occurred in high seismicity areas of the Lower Danube. Contemporary sediment fluxes were about one third of values reported for the 1980s for several tributaries of the Middle and Lower Danube. Knowledge gaps affecting the sediment budget were identified in the contributions of some erosion processes (glacier erosion, gully erosion and mass movements), and in-stream sediment dynamics. publisher: Elsevier articletitle: Modelling sediment fluxes in the Danube River Basin with SWAT journaltitle: Science of The Total Environment articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.236 content_type: article copyright: © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. ispartof: Science of the Total Environment vol:599 pages:992-1012 ispartof: location:Netherlands status: published |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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