A Review of Vaccine Approaches for West Nile Virus
| Autor: | Konstantin G. Kousoulas, Arun V. Iyer |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
West Nile virus
Culex Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis viruses envelope glycoprotein lcsh:Medicine Review Disease Biology medicine.disease_cause Virus Birds vaccine Veterinary virology medicine Animals Humans West Nile Virus Horses West Nile Virus Vaccines WNV lineage Bird Diseases lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health virus diseases biology.organism_classification Virology Disease control veterinary vaccine Horse Diseases West Nile Fever flaviviruses |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 10, Iss 9, Pp 4200-4223 (2013) International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 |
| Popis: | The West Nile virus (WNC) first appeared in North America in 1999. The North American lineages of WNV were characterized by the presence of neuroinvasive and neurovirulent strains causing disease and death in humans, birds and horses. The 2012 WNV season in the United States saw a massive spike in the number of neuroinvasive cases and deaths similar to what was seen in the 2002–2003 season, according to the West Nile virus disease cases and deaths reported to the CDC by year and clinical presentation, 1999–2012, by ArboNET (Arboviral Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). In addition, the establishment and recent spread of lineage II WNV virus strains into Western Europe and the presence of neurovirulent and neuroinvasive strains among them is a cause of major concern. This review discusses the advances in the development of vaccines and biologicals to combat human and veterinary West Nile disease. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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