Relation of secondhand smoke exposure to vascular phenotypes in children and adolescents
| Autor: | Nicholas G. Evanoff, Kyle Rudser, Michelle M. Harbin, Aaron S. Kelly, Justin R. Ryder, Donald R. Dengel |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Brachial Artery Risk Assessment Article 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Child Development Vascular Stiffness Risk Factors 030225 pediatrics medicine.artery Internal medicine Elastic Modulus medicine Humans Aorta Abdominal Vascular Diseases Secondhand smoke Child Subclinical infection Retrospective Studies business.industry Abdominal aorta Age Factors Adolescent Development Compliance (physiology) medicine.anatomical_structure Carotid Arteries Cross-Sectional Studies Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Ultrasound imaging Cardiology Female Tobacco Smoke Pollution Analysis of variance business Body mass index 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Artery |
| Zdroj: | Pediatric research |
| ISSN: | 1530-0447 |
| Popis: | INTRODUCTION Subclinical cardiovascular risks of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure among children and adolescents remains insufficiently described. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 298 children and adolescents (48.0% male, body mass index: 27.0±8.9kg/m2), including 49 self-reported cases with SHS. Arterial elasticity and stiffness (distensibility, compliance, incremental elastic modulus [IEM]) were obtained via ultrasound imaging in the abdominal aorta, brachial, and carotid arteries. A one-way analysis of variance compared differences between groups, and multiple linear regression adjusted for covariates. RESULTS SHS was associated with lower abdominal aorta diameter distensibility (aDD) (13.4±3.6% vs. 16.0±5.2%, p=0.009), and abdominal aorta cross-sectional distensibility (aCSD) (28.8±8.3% vs. 35.1±12.2% p=0.009), as well as higher abdominal aorta IEM (aIEM) (1241±794mmHg vs. 935±388mmHg, p=0.001). After adjustment for covariates, aDD (p=0.047), aCSD (p=0.040), and aIEM (p=0.017) remained significant; this significance persisted with the additional adjustment of percent body fat. Measures of brachial and carotid compliance and distensibility were not associated with SHS. CONCLUSIONS SHS was associated with abdominal aorta stiffness; the majority of vascular measures within the brachial and carotid artery remained unaffected following adjustment for covariates, including hypertension and adiposity. SHS may predispose individuals to increased abdominal aorta stiffness, an artery previously reported to exhibit increased susceptibility to atherosclerosis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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