Intracellular zinc in insulin secretion and action: a determinant of diabetes risk?
| Autor: | E. A. Bellomo, Wolfgang Maret, David J. Hodson, Antonia Solomou, Ming Hu, Guy A. Rutter, Ryan K. Mitchell, Pauline Chabosseau |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Nutrition and Dietetics Diabetes risk SLC30A8 Insulin medicine.medical_treatment Medicine (miscellaneous) Type 2 diabetes Biology Micronutrient medicine.disease Endocrinology Diabetes mellitus Internal medicine Zinc Transporter 8 medicine biology.protein Glucose homeostasis |
| Zdroj: | The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 75(1) |
| ISSN: | 1475-2719 |
| Popis: | Zinc is an important micronutrient, essential in the diet to avoid a variety of conditions associated with malnutrition such as diarrhoea and alopecia. Lowered circulating levels of zinc are also found in diabetes mellitus, a condition which affects one in twelve of the adult population and whose treatments consume approximately 10 % of healthcare budgets. Zn2+ions are essential for a huge range of cellular functions and, in the specialised pancreatic β-cell, for the storage of insulin within the secretory granule. Correspondingly, genetic variants in theSLC30A8gene, which encodes the diabetes-associated granule-resident Zn2+transporter ZnT8, are associated with an altered risk of type 2 diabetes. Here, we focus on (i) recent advances in measuring free zinc concentrations dynamically in subcellular compartments, and (ii) studies dissecting the role of intracellular zinc in the control of glucose homeostasisin vitroandin vivo.We discuss the effects on insulin secretion and action of deleting or over-expressingSlc30a8highly selectively in the pancreatic β-cell, and the role of zinc in insulin signalling. While modulated by genetic variability, healthy levels of dietary zinc, and hence normal cellular zinc homeostasis, are likely to play an important role in the proper release and action of insulin to maintain glucose homeostasis and lower diabetes risk. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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