Low-Temperature Graphene-Based Paste for Large-Area Carbon Perovskite Solar Cells
| Autor: | Leyla Najafi, Sebastiano Bellani, Aldo Di Carlo, Sara Pescetelli, Marilena Isabella Zappia, Francesco Bonaccorso, Antonio Agresti, Paolo Mariani, Luca Gabatel, Gabriele Bianca |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Fabrication
Materials science Settore ING-INF/01 chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology Substrate (electronics) 010402 general chemistry perovskite solar cells metallization 01 natural sciences law.invention Barrier layer law General Materials Science scalability Perovskite (structure) Mesoscopic physics Graphene business.industry carbon graphene paintable large-area Energy conversion efficiency 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 0104 chemical sciences chemistry Optoelectronics solution processing 0210 nano-technology business Carbon Research Article |
| Zdroj: | ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces |
| ISSN: | 1944-8252 1944-8244 |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acsami.1c02626 |
| Popis: | Carbon perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs), using carbon-based counter electrodes (C-CEs), promise to mitigate instability issues while providing solution-processed and low-cost device configurations. In this work, we report the fabrication and characterization of efficient paintable C-PSCs obtained by depositing a low-temperature-processed graphene-based carbon paste atop prototypical mesoscopic and planar n–i–p structures. Small-area (0.09 cm2) mesoscopic C-PSCs reach a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.81% while showing an improved thermal stability under the ISOS-D-2 protocol compared to the reference devices based on Au CEs. The proposed graphene-based C-CEs are applied to large-area (1 cm2) mesoscopic devices and low-temperature-processed planar n–i–p devices, reaching PCEs of 13.85 and 14.06%, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, these PCE values are among the highest reported for large-area C-PSCs in the absence of back-contact metallization or additional stacked conductive components or a thermally evaporated barrier layer between the charge-transporting layer and the C-CE (strategies commonly used for the record-high efficiency C-PSCs). In addition, we report a proof-of-concept of metallized miniwafer-like area C-PSCs (substrate area = 6.76 cm2, aperture area = 4.00 cm2), reaching a PCE on active area of 13.86% and a record-high PCE on aperture area of 12.10%, proving the metallization compatibility with our C-PSCs. Monolithic wafer-like area C-PSCs can be feasible all-solution-processed configurations, more reliable than prototypical perovskite solar (mini)modules based on the serial connection of subcells, since they mitigate hysteresis-induced performance losses and hot-spot-induced irreversible material damage caused by reverse biases. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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