Multiscale spatial variation of the bark beetle Ips sexdentatus damage in a pine plantation forest (Landes de Gascogne, Southwestern France)
Autor: | P. Menassieu, I. van Halder, Jean-Charles Samalens, Jean-Pierre Rossi, Hervé Jactel, Dominique Guyon, Dominique Piou |
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Přispěvatelé: | Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement (EPHYSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Département de la Santé des Forêts (DSF) |
Rok vydání: | 2009 |
Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Bark beetle RÉPARTITION SPATIALE ZONE DE STOCKAGE Windthrow Management Monitoring Policy and Law RIPLEY’S STATISTIC Spatial distribution 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences IPS SEXDENTATUS PLANTATION FOREST [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture forestry Bark (sound) Forest ecology STATISTIQUE DE RIPLEY Nature and Landscape Conservation BARK BEETLE LANDSCAPE biology Ecology PIN MARITIME SPATIAL STATISTICS Forestry AGGREGATION 15. Life on land biology.organism_classification TEMPÊTE DE 1999 LANDES DE GASCOGNE TEST DU CARACTÈRE ALÉATOIRE INSECTE Geography PINUS PINASTER COLÉOPTÈRE Pinus pinaster Spatial variability 010606 plant biology & botany Woody plant |
Zdroj: | Forest Ecology and Management Forest Ecology and Management, Elsevier, 2009, 257 (7), pp.1551-1557. ⟨10.1016/j.foreco.2008.12.012⟩ |
ISSN: | 0378-1127 |
Popis: | International audience; Bark beetles are notorious pests of natural and planted forests causing extensive damage. These insects depend on dead or weakened trees but can switch to healthy trees during an outbreak as mass-attacks allow the beetle to overwhelm tree defences. Climatic events like windstorms are known to favour bark beetle outbreaks because they create a large number of breeding sites, i.e., weakened trees and for this reason, windthrown timber is generally preventively harvested and removed. In December 1999, the southwest of France was struck by a devastating windstorm that felled more that 27 million m3of timber. This event offered the opportunity to study large-scale spatial pattern of trees attacked by the bark beetle Ips sexdentatus and its relationship with the spatial location of pine logs that were temporally stored in piles along stand edges during the post-storm process of fallen tree removal. The study was undertaken in a pure maritime pine forest of 1300 ha in 2001 and 2002. We developed a landscape approach based on a GIS and a complete inventory of attacked trees. During this study more than 70% of the investigated stands had at least one tree attacked by I. sexdentatus. Spatial aggregation prevailed in stands with n≥15 attacked trees. Patches of attacked trees were identified using a kernel estimation procedure coupled with randomization tests. Attacked trees formed patches of 500–700 m2 on average which displayed a clumped spatial distribution. Log piles stemming from the sanitation removals were mainly distributed along the large access roads and showed an aggregated spatial pattern as well. The spatial relationship between patches of attacked trees and log pile storage areas was analyzed by means of the Ripley’s statistic that revealed a strong association at the scale of the studied forest. Our results indicated that bark beetle attacks were facilitated in the vicinity of areas where pine logs were stored. The spatial extent of this relationship was >1000 m. Similar results were obtained in 2001 and 2002 despite differences in the number and spatial distribution of attacked trees. The presence of a strong “facilitation effect” suggests that log piles should be removed quickly in order to prevent outbreaks of bark beetles. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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