Adaptation of lodgepole pine and interior spruce to climate: implications for reforestation in a warming world
| Autor: | Andreas Hamann, Sally N. Aitken, Katharina J. Liepe, Pia Smets, Connor R. Fitzpatrick |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Pinus contorta 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Range (biology) ecological genetics Population Climate change Biology 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Genetics assisted migration education Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics 0105 earth and related environmental sciences education.field_of_study Ecology Phenology seed zones Original Articles genetic diversity biology.organism_classification Arid Q ST climate change Boreal Original Article General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Hardiness (plants) |
| Zdroj: | Evolutionary Applications |
| ISSN: | 1752-4571 |
| Popis: | We investigated adaptation to climate in populations of two widespread tree species across a range of contrasting environments in western Canada. In a series of common garden experiments, bud phenology, cold hardiness, and seedling growth traits were assessed for 254 populations in the interior spruce complex (Picea glauca, P. engelmannii, and their hybrids) and for 281 populations of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta). Complex multitrait adaptations to different ecological regions such as boreal, montane, coastal, and arid environments accounted for 15–20% of the total variance. This population differentiation could be directly linked to climate variables through multivariate regression tree analysis. Our results suggest that adaptation to climate does not always correspond linearly to temperature gradients. For example, opposite trait values (e.g., early versus late budbreak) may be found in response to apparently similar cold environments (e.g., boreal and montane). Climate change adaptation strategies may therefore not always be possible through a simple shift of seed sources along environmental gradients. For the two species in this study, we identified a relatively small number of uniquely adapted populations (11 for interior spruce and nine for lodgepole pine) that may be used to manage adaptive variation under current and expected future climates. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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