Alcohol is a predictor of mortality in motor vehicle collisions
| Autor: | Carl R. Freeman, Bret Silverglate, John Culhane |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Automobile Driving medicine.medical_specialty Alcohol Drinking Poison control Alcohol chemistry.chemical_compound Risk Factors 0502 economics and business Odds Ratio Humans Medicine 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Safety Risk Reliability and Quality 050107 human factors 050210 logistics & transportation business.industry Puerto Rico 05 social sciences Confounding Accidents Traffic Fatality Analysis Reporting System Odds ratio Driving While Intoxicated Middle Aged United States body regions chemistry Multivariate Analysis Emergency medicine Female business human activities |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Safety Research. 71:201-205 |
| ISSN: | 0022-4375 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jsr.2019.10.002 |
| Popis: | It is well recognized that driving while intoxicated increases the probability of a motor-vehicle collision (MVC). The effect of alcohol on the chance of surviving the MVC is less clear.Using data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) we conducted analyses for the outcome of mortality using alcohol and other variables as predictors. We also selected alcohol positive (AP) and alcohol negative (AN) persons from the same MVC and vehicle to control for confounding characteristics.The odds ratio (OR) for mortality for alcohol positive drivers was 2.57, (p 0.001 for all the following OR). Other harmful predictive factors were age OR 1.01 per year, vehicle age OR 1.05 per year, male sex OR 1.23, avoidance maneuver OR 1.09, speed related OR 2.89, rollover mechanism OR 2.75, and collision with a fixed object OR 6.70. Protective factors were proper restraint use - OR 0.19 and collision with another moving vehicle, OR 0.21. In the multivariate analysis the OR of mortality for AP vs AN was 1.46. Proper restraint use (OR 0.27) remained protective along with collision with another moving vehicle. When AP and AN persons from the same MVC and the same vehicle were compared, the adjusted OR's for mortality were 1.46 and 2.08, respectively.Alcohol is an independent predictor of mortality in an MVC. Proper restraint use is the strongest protective factor. This finding allows a more complete understanding of the risks of driving while intoxicated, not only a higher probability of an MVC, but decreased survival once the MVC occurs. Practical Applications: Identification of alcohol as an independent predictor of mortality in an accident may improve risk assessment and influence drivers to avoid driving while intoxicated. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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