Defining national biogenic methane targets: Implications for national food production & climate neutrality objectives
| Autor: | Cathal O'Donoghue, David Styles, Rémi Prudhomme, Mary Ryan |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | RS: GSBE MGSoG, RS: UNU-MERIT Theme 2 |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Greenhouse Effect
food industry AGRICULTURE Natural resource economics Environment and Trade Sustainability Environmental Accounts and Accounting Environmental Equity 0208 environmental biotechnology 02 engineering and technology BUDGET 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences meat afforestation Politique de l'environnement Land use land-use change and forestry animal Greenhouse effect food production Waste Management and Disposal Production alimentaire Climate stabilisation EMISSIONS milk Food security nitrous oxide bovine methane Carbon offset LULUCF forestry Q01 - Sciences et technologies alimentaires - Considérations générales General Medicine Environment and Development Population Growth beef climate change DIFFERENTIATION greenhouse gas réduction des émissions carbon emission France livestock farming Gaz à effet de serre P02 - Pollution Brazil Downscaling policy Méthane Net zero GHG Paris Environmental Engineering P40 - Météorologie et climatologie Climate change India Management Monitoring Policy and Law CHANGE MITIGATION Article Animals climate atténuation des effets du changement climatique 0105 earth and related environmental sciences CH4 nonhuman Land use rice carbon dioxide land use coalbed methane food security 020801 environmental engineering livestock Greenhouse gas Land sparing Environmental science Cattle egg animal protein Ireland |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Environmental Management, 295:113058. Academic Press Inc. Journal of Environmental Management |
| ISSN: | 0301-4797 |
| Popis: | Methane is a short-lived greenhouse gas (GHG) modelled distinctly from long-lived GHGs such as carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide to establish global emission budgets for climate stabilisation. The Paris Agreement requires a 24–47% reduction in global biogenic methane emissions by 2050. Separate treatment of methane in national climate policies will necessitate consideration of how global emission budgets compatible with climate stabilisation can be downscaled to national targets, but implications of different downscaling rules for national food production and climate neutrality objectives are poorly understood. This study addresses that knowledge gap by examining four methods to determine national methane quotas, and two methods of GHG aggregation (GWP100 and GWP*) across four countries with contrasting agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) sectors and socio-economic contexts (Brazil, France, India and Ireland). Implications for production of methane-intensive food (milk, meat, eggs and rice) in 2050 and national AFOLU climate neutrality targets are explored. It is assumed that methane quotas are always filled by food production where sufficient land is available. Global methane budgets for 1.5 °C scenarios are downscaled to national quotas based on: grand-parenting (equal percentage reductions across countries); equity (equal per capita emissions); ability (emission reductions proportionate to GDP); animal protein security (emissions proportionate to animal protein production in 2010). The choice of allocation method changes national methane quotas by a factor of between 1.7 (India) and 6.7 (Ireland). Despite projected reductions in emission-intensities, livestock production would need to decrease across all countries except India to comply with quotas under all but the most optimistic sustainable intensification scenarios. The extent of potential afforestation on land spared from livestock production is decisive in achieving climate neutrality. Brazil and Ireland could maintain some degree of milk and beef export whilst achieving territorial climate neutrality, but scenarios that comply with climate neutrality in India produce only circa 30% of national calorie and protein requirements via rice and livestock. The downscaling of global methane budgets into national policy targets in an equitable and internationally acceptable manner will require simultaneous consideration of the interconnected priorities of food security and (land banks available for) carbon offsetting. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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