Bio-Crude Production through Aqueous Phase Recycling of Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Sewage Sludge
| Autor: | Lasse Rosendahl, Asbjørn Haaning Nielsen, Ayaz Ali Shah, Saqib Toor, Tahir Hussain Seehar, Rasmus S. Nielsen, Thomas Helmer Pedersen |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Control and Optimization
aqueous phase recycling sewage sludge hydrothermal liquefaction bio-crude 020209 energy Potassium Aqueous phase recycling Energy Engineering and Power Technology chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences lcsh:Technology Catalysis Phase (matter) 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering Sewage sludge Engineering (miscellaneous) 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Bio-crude Energy recovery Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment lcsh:T Aqueous two-phase system Pulp and paper industry Nitrogen Hydrothermal liquefaction chemistry Sludge Energy (miscellaneous) |
| Zdroj: | Energies, Vol 13, Iss 2, p 493 (2020) Energies; Volume 13; Issue 2; Pages: 493 Shah, A A, Toor, S S, Seehar, T H, Nielsen, R S, Nielsen, A H, Pedersen, T H & Rosendahl, L A 2020, ' Bio-crude production through aqueous phase recycling of hydrothermal liquefaction of sewage sludge ', Energies, vol. 13, no. 2, 493 . https://doi.org/10.3390/en13020493 |
| ISSN: | 1996-1073 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/en13020493 |
| Popis: | Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising technology for the production of bio-crude. However, some unresolved issues still exist within HTL, which need to be resolved before its promotion on a commercial scale. The management of the aqueous phase is one of the leading challenges related to HTL. In this study, the sewage sludge has been liquefied at 350 °C with and without catalyst (K2CO3). Subsequently, aqueous phase recycling was applied to investigate the effect of recycling on bio-crude properties. Obtained results showed that the energy recovery in the form of bio-crude increased by 50% via aqueous phase recirculation, whereas nitrogen content in the bio-crude was approximately doubled after eight rounds of recycling. GCMS characterization of the aqueous phase indicated acetic acid as a major water-soluble compound, which employed as a catalyst (0.56 M), and resulted in a negligible increase in bio-crude yield. ICP-AES highlighted that the majority of the inorganics were transferred to the solid phase, while the higher accumulation of potassium and sodium was found in the aqueous phase via successive rounds of recycling. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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