Concentrations of cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in biosolid amended soil, influent, effluent, receiving water, and sediment of wastewater treatment plants in Canada
| Autor: | Tara Tait, Grazina Pacepavicius, De-Gao Wang, Teresa Young, Timothy Ng, Laura Kinsman, Helena Steer, Zack Williams, Mehran Alaee, Shirley Anne Smyth |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Geologic Sediments
Environmental Engineering Siloxanes Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane Fresh Water Wastewater Waste Disposal Fluid Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Soil chemistry.chemical_compound Environmental Chemistry Effluent Quebec Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Sediment Environmental Exposure General Medicine General Chemistry Environmental exposure Contamination Pollution chemistry Environmental chemistry Environmental science Sewage treatment Gas chromatography Water Pollutants Chemical |
| Zdroj: | Chemosphere. 93:766-773 |
| ISSN: | 0045-6535 |
| Popis: | A comprehensive surveillance program was conducted to determine the occurrence of three cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes (cVMS) octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) in environmental compartments impacted by wastewater effluent discharges. Eleven wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), representative of those found in Southern Ontario and Southern Quebec, Canada, were investigated to determine levels of cVMS in their influents and effluents. In addition, receiving water and sediment impacted by WWTP effluents, and biosolid-amended soil from agricultural fields were also analyzed for a preliminary evaluation of the environmental exposure of cVMS in media impacted by wastewater effluent and solids. A newly-developed large volume injection (septumless head adapter and cooled injection system) gas chromatography – mass spectrometry method was used to avoid contamination originating from instrumental analysis. Concentrations of D4, D5, and D6 in influents to the 11 WWTPs were in the range 0.282–6.69 μg L−1, 7.75–135 μg L−1, and 1.53–26.9 μg L−1, respectively. In general, wastewater treatment showed cVMS removal rates of greater than 92%, regardless of treatment type. The D4, D5, and D6 concentration ranges in effluent were |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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