A Rapid Epidemiological Tool to Measure the Burden of Norovirus Infection and Disease in Resource-Limited Settings
| Autor: | M. Alejandra Paniagua-Avila, Daniel G. Olson, Celia Cordon-Rosales, Molly M. Lamb, Edwin J. Asturias, Gabriela Samayoa-Reyes, Maria Renee Lopez, Alma Zacarias |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty Cost effectiveness 030231 tropical medicine prevalence norovirus Disease medicine.disease_cause 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Epidemiology Major Article attributable fraction Medicine 030212 general & internal medicine Prospective cohort study Disease burden 2. Zero hunger business.industry Incidence (epidemiology) Guatemala 3. Good health Infectious Diseases Oncology Attributable risk Norovirus surveillance business |
| Zdroj: | Open Forum Infectious Diseases |
| ISSN: | 2328-8957 |
| Popis: | Background Rapid, cost-effective tools are needed to estimate the disease burden of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and norovirus (NoV) in resource-limited settings. Methods Households with children (6 weeks–17 years) in rural Guatemala were randomly enrolled into 2 parallel AGE surveillance systems: (1) a prospective cohort, which included an enrollment visit followed by 1 year of prospective observation using a smartphone-based weekly symptom diary; and (2) 2 sequential cross-sectional rapid active sampling (RAS) surveys. Norovirus testing was performed during enrollment (all subjects) and for prospective AGE episodes (prospective cohort only). Results The prospective cohort enrolled 207 households (469 children) from April to September 2015 followed by 471 person-years of observation; RAS survey 1 enrolled 210 households (402 children) during October to November 2015, and RAS survey 2 enrolled 210 separate households (368 children) during January to February 2016. The prospective cohort detected a NoV+ AGE prevalence of 11% and a population-attributable fraction (PAF) of −1.6% at enrollment, followed by an incidence of 1.4 episodes/100 person-years. Rapid active sampling surveys 1 and 2 identified a NoV+ AGE prevalence of 14%–21% and a PAF of 3.2%–12.4%. Conclusions Rapid active sampling surveys were practical and identified more cases of NoV infection and disease compared with a parallel prospective cohort in rural Guatemala. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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