Zinc protection of fertilized eggs is an ancient feature of sexual reproduction in animals
| Autor: | Monica L. Sauer, Miler T. Lee, Madelyn E. Czekalski, Rachel E. Bainbridge, Anne E. Carlson, Steven M. Sanders, Bennett W. Wisner, Wesley A. Phelps, Melania B. Linderman, Daniel J. Bain, Maiwase Tembo, Dominique W. Summerville, Srikavya Pasumarthy, Catherine H. Luu, Madison E. Boehm, Katherine M. Buckley, Matthew L. Nicotra, Katherine L. Wozniak, Meghan L. Hanson |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male Physiology Eggs Xenopus Xenopus laevis 0302 clinical medicine Human fertilization Short Reports Reproductive Physiology Animal Cells Biology (General) Zebrafish media_common General Neuroscience Eukaryota Agriculture Animal Models Polyspermy Zinc Chemistry Experimental Organism Systems Osteichthyes OVA Vertebrates Physical Sciences embryonic structures Frogs Female Cellular Types Reproduction General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Agrochemicals Chemical Elements QH301-705.5 media_common.quotation_subject chemistry.chemical_element Zoology Biology Research and Analysis Methods General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Amphibians 03 medical and health sciences Model Organisms Animals Fertilizers Strongylocentrotus purpuratus General Immunology and Microbiology Embryogenesis Organisms Biology and Life Sciences Cell Biology biology.organism_classification Sperm Sexual reproduction Ambystoma mexicanum 030104 developmental biology Hydrozoa Germ Cells Fish chemistry Fertilization Oocytes Animal Studies 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | PLoS Biology, Vol 18, Iss 7, p e3000811 (2020) PLoS Biology |
| ISSN: | 1545-7885 1544-9173 |
| Popis: | One of the earliest and most prevalent barriers to successful reproduction is polyspermy, or fertilization of an egg by multiple sperm. To prevent these supernumerary fertilizations, eggs have evolved multiple mechanisms. It has recently been proposed that zinc released by mammalian eggs at fertilization may block additional sperm from entering. Here, we demonstrate that eggs from amphibia and teleost fish also release zinc. Using Xenopus laevis as a model, we document that zinc reversibly blocks fertilization. Finally, we demonstrate that extracellular zinc similarly disrupts early embryonic development in eggs from diverse phyla, including Cnidaria, Echinodermata, and Chordata. Our study reveals that a fundamental strategy protecting human eggs from fertilization by multiple sperm may have evolved more than 650 million years ago. Fertilization of an egg by more than one sperm presents one of the earliest and most prevalent barriers to successful reproduction. This study shows that, as in mammals, eggs from diverse species release zinc upon fertilization; this extracellular zinc protects eggs from multiple fertilizations, revealing that this fundamental strategy may have evolved more than 650 million years ago. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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