Quantitative estimates of glacial refugia for chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) since the Last Interglacial (120,000 BP)

Autor: Kevin Lee, Christopher Orbell, David Morgan, Anne Laudisoit, Hjalmar S. Kühl, Annemarie Goedmakers, Alfred Kwabena Assumang, Crickette M. Sanz, Aaron S. Rundus, Tenekwetsche Sop, Angelique Todd, Jessica Junker, Elleni Vendras, Emily Neil, Juan Lapuente, Milica Arandjelovic, Tobias Deschner, Linda Vigilant, Christophe Boesch, Gaëlle Bocksberger, Andrew J. Plumptre, Anh Galat-Luong, Nikki Tagg, Lilian Pintea, Barrie Abdulai, Osiris A. Doumbé, Anne Ntongho, Liliana Pacheco, Louis Nkembi, Dismas Hakizimana, Zacharie N. Dongmo, Rosa M. Garriga, Jef Dupain, Renske E. Onstein, Roman M. Wittig, Christopher D. Barratt, Parag Kadam, Sonia Nicholl, Daniela Hedwig, Alex K. Piel, Sorrel Jones, Nakashima Yoshihiro, Emma Bailey, Thierry Aebischer, Erin G. Wessling, Kouamé P. N′Goran, Chris S. Duvall, Paolo Gratton, Bethan J. Morgan, Volker Sommer, Adam Welsh, Yisa Ginath Yuh, Jacqueline Sunderland-Groves, Manasseh Eno-Nku, Sylvain Gatti, Nadia Mirghani, Joost van Schijndel, Jacob Willie, Ammie K. Kalan, Kyle Yurkiw, Ilka Herbinger, Gilles Etoga, Emmanuel Danquah, Deborah L. Moore, Joana S. Carvalho, Jack D. Lester, Rebecca Chancellor, José F. C. Wenceslau, Célestin Yao Kouakou, Andrea Ghiurghi, Anne-Céline Granjon, Paula Dieguez, Kevin E. Langergraber, Els Ton, Mattia Bessone, Bartelijntje Buys, Anthony Agbor, Fiona A. Stewart, Lauren C. White, Veerle Hermans, Fiona Maisels, Heather Cohen, Lucy Jayne Ormsby, Maureen S. McCarthy, Josephine Head, Hilde Vanleeuwe, Ivonne Kienast, Mohamed Kambi
Přispěvatelé: Barratt, Christopher D [0000-0003-3267-8855], Onstein, Renske E [0000-0002-2295-3510], Plumptre, Andrew J [0000-0002-9333-4047], Wessling, Erin G [0000-0001-9661-4354], Boesch, Christophe [0000-0001-9538-7858], Arandjelovic, Mimi [0000-0001-8920-9684], Kühl, Hjalmar [0000-0002-4440-9161], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: American Journal of Primatology
American journal of primatology
ISSN: 0275-2565
Popis: Paleoclimate reconstructions have enhanced our understanding of how past climates have shaped present-day biodiversity. We hypothesize that the geographic extent of Pleistocene forest refugia and suitable habitat fluctuated significantly in time during the late Quaternary for chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Using bioclimatic variables representing monthly temperature and precipitation estimates, past human population density data, and an extensive database of georeferenced presence points, we built a model of changing habitat suitability for chimpanzees at fine spatio-temporal scales dating back to the Last Interglacial (120,000 BP). Our models cover a spatial resolution of 0.0467 degrees (approximately 5.19 km(2) grid cells) and a temporal resolution of between 1000 and 4000 years. Using our model, we mapped habitat stability over time using three approaches, comparing our modeled stability estimates to existing knowledge of Afrotropical refugia, as well as contemporary patterns of major keystone tropical food resources used by chimpanzees, figs (Moraceae), and palms (Arecacae). Results show habitat stability congruent with known glacial refugia across Africa, suggesting their extents may have been underestimated for chimpanzees, with potentially up to approximately 60,000 km(2) of previously unrecognized glacial refugia. The refugia we highlight coincide with higher species richness for figs and palms. Our results provide spatio-temporally explicit insights into the role of refugia across the chimpanzee range, forming the empirical foundation for developing and testing hypotheses about behavioral, ecological, and genetic diversity with additional data. This methodology can be applied to other species and geographic areas when sufficient data are available.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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