Hostility, gender, and cardiac autonomic control
| Autor: | Peter A. Shapiro, Josh Berg, Richard P. Sloan, John P. Kuhl, Darya Chernikhova, Emilia Bagiella, Michael M. Myers |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Hostility Neuropsychological Tests Coronary artery disease Orthostatic vital signs Cognition Sex Factors Heart Rate Surveys and Questionnaires medicine Humans Reactivity (psychology) Applied Psychology business.industry Respiration Stressor Heart Middle Aged medicine.disease Psychiatry and Mental health Autonomic nervous system Blood pressure Autonomic Nervous System Diseases Hypertension Female medicine.symptom business Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Psychosomatic medicine. 63(3) |
| ISSN: | 0033-3174 |
| Popis: | Objective Although considerable evidence implicates hostility in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD), the pathogenic mechanisms remain poorly understood. We have developed a psychophysiological model that holds that altered autonomic nervous system function links psychological traits with CAD outcomes. In laboratory studies, stressors reduce high-frequency (HF) heart period variability, an index of cardiac vagal modulation. With ambulatory electrocardiographic recording, we demonstrated in a predominantly male sample that hostility was inversely associated with HF power, but only during waking hours. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that hostile individuals experience multiple stressful interpersonal transactions each day, resulting in overall lower HF power during the day but not at night. Methods To further evaluate this hypothesis, we screened 96 subjects using the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale and selected 15 men and 15 women representing a wide distribution of hostility. These subjects were studied in a laboratory session assessing reactivity to psychological and orthostatic challenges with continuous electrocardiographic, blood pressure, and respiration monitoring. We predicted that for men and women, hostility would be inversely related to reductions in HF power in response to challenge. Results In response to mental stressors, all measures of heart period variability change were inversely related to hostility as predicted. No such relationships were found for responses to tilt. The data suggested a possible effect of gender on these relationships. Conclusions These data add to the growing body of evidence showing that hostility influences vagal modulation of the cardiovascular system and suggest that altered autonomic control is a pathogenic mechanism linking hostility and CAD. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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