Hyponatremia in infants with community-acquired infections on hospital admission

Autor: Mario G. Bianchetti, Silvia Bernardi, Emilio F. Fossali, Alessia Rocchi, Marco Alberzoni, Marta B. M. Mazzoni, Emanuela D'Angelo, Carlo Agostoni, Gregorio P. Milani, Ludovica Odone
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Male
Atmospheric Science
Pediatrics
Pulmonology
Hyperkalemia
030232 urology & nephrology
Metabolic alkalosis
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Families
0302 clinical medicine
Drug Metabolism
Medicine and Health Sciences
Prevalence
Prospective Studies
Dehydration (Medicine)
Prospective cohort study
Children
Hypernatremia
Multidisciplinary
Pyelonephritis
Hypokalemia
Gastroenteritis
Community-Acquired Infections
Hospitalization
Chemistry
Urinary Tract Infections
Physical Sciences
Acute Disease
Bronchiolitis
Medicine
Female
medicine.symptom
Acidosis
Hyponatremia
Infants
Research Article
medicine.medical_specialty
Urology
Science
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Greenhouse Gases
03 medical and health sciences
Signs and Symptoms
Diagnostic Medicine
medicine
Environmental Chemistry
Humans
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacology
business.industry
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Sodium
Chemical Compounds
Infant
Newborn
Infant
nutritional and metabolic diseases
Metabolic acidosis
Carbon Dioxide
medicine.disease
Age Groups
Atmospheric Chemistry
People and Places
Earth Sciences
Potentiometry
Population Groupings
business
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 7, p e0219299 (2019)
PLoS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: Acute moderate to severe gastroenteritis is traditionally associated with hypernatremia but recent observations suggest that hypernatremia is currently less common than hyponatremia. The latter has sometimes been documented also in children with acute community-acquired diseases, such as bronchiolitis and pyelonephritis. We investigated the prevalence of dysnatremia in children with acute moderate severe gastroenteritis, bronchiolitis and pyelonephritis. This prospective observational study included 400 consecutive previously healthy infants ≥4 weeks to ≤24 months of age (232 males and 168 females): 160 with gastroenteritis and relevant dehydration, 160 with moderate-severe bronchiolitis and 80 with pyelonephritis admitted to our emergency department between 2009 and 2017. Circulating sodium was determined by means of direct potentiometry. For analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Fisher's exact test were used. Hyponatremia was found in 214 of the 400 patients. It was common in gastroenteritis (43%) and significantly more frequent in bronchiolitis (57%) and pyelonephritis (68%). Patients with hyponatremia were significantly younger than those without hyponatremia (3.9 [1.6-13] versus 7.5 [3.4-14] months). The gender ratio was similar in children with and without hyponatremia. Hyponatremia was associated with further metabolic abnormalities (hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis or metabolic alkalosis) in gastroenteritis (71%) and pyelonephritis (54%), and always isolated in bronchiolitis. In conclusion, hyponatremia is common at presentation among previously healthy infants with gastroenteritis, bronchiolitis or pyelonephritis. These data have relevant consequences for the nutrition and rehydration management in these conditions.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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