Nutrient signalling and lysosome positioning crosstalk through a multifunctional protein, Folliculin
| Autor: | Aylett Chs, de Martín Garrido N |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Wellcome Trust |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
folliculin GTPase mTORC1 Review Biology law.invention 03 medical and health sciences Cell and Developmental Biology 0302 clinical medicine Rag GTPases law Lysosome medicine Folliculin lcsh:QH301-705.5 Rab GTPases Cell Biology nutrient signaling Phenotype 3. Good health Cell biology Crosstalk (biology) 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure lcsh:Biology (General) 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis lysosome positioning Suppressor Rab Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol 8 (2020) Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| Popis: | FLCN was identified as the gene responsible for Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) syndrome, a hereditary syndrome associated with the appearance of familiar renal oncocytomas. Most mutations affecting FLCN result in the truncation of the protein, and therefore loss of its associated functions, as typical for a tumor suppressor. FLCN encodes the protein folliculin (FLCN), which is involved in numerous biological processes; mutations affecting this protein thus lead to different phenotypes depending on the cellular context. FLCN forms complexes with two large interacting proteins, FNIP1 and FNIP2. Structural studies have shown that both FLCN and FNIPs contain longin and differentially expressed in normal versus neoplastic cells (DENN) domains, typically involved in the regulation of small GTPases. Accordingly, functional studies show that FLCN regulates both the Rag and the Rab GTPases depending on nutrient availability, which are respectively involved in the mTORC1 pathway and lysosomal positioning. Although recent structural studies shed light on the precise mechanism by which FLCN regulates the Rag GTPases, which in turn regulate mTORC1, how FLCN regulates membrane trafficking through the Rab GTPases or the significance of the intriguing FLCN-FNIP-AMPK complex formation are questions that still remain unanswered. We discuss the recent progress in our understanding of FLCN regulation of both growth signaling and lysosomal positioning, as well as future approaches to establish detailed mechanisms to explain the disparate phenotypes caused by the loss of FLCN function and the development of BHD-associated and other tumors. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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