Anomalies in language as a biomarker for schizophrenia
| Autor: | Janna de Boer, Iris E. C. Sommer, Sanne Brederoo, A E Voppel |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Experimental Psychology, Guided Treatment in Optimal Selected Cancer Patients (GUTS), Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), Movement Disorder (MD) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Psychosis
Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming) speech LATERALIZATION Relapse prevention behavioral disciplines and activities NEURAL EVIDENCE 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Prognosis of schizophrenia mental disorders medicine Humans psychosis FOXP2 POLYMORPHISMS RISK language Verbal Behavior ABNORMALITIES Thought disorder NEGATIVE SYMPTOM SEVERITY Prognosis medicine.disease GENE 030227 psychiatry schizophrenia Psychiatry and Mental health THOUGHT-DISORDER DISTURBANCES Biomarker (medicine) medicine.symptom Computational linguistics Psychology semantic space Biomarkers 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology Spoken language |
| Zdroj: | Current opinion in psychiatry, 33(3), 212-218. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS |
| ISSN: | 0951-7367 |
| Popis: | PURPOSE OF REVIEW: After more than a century of neuroscience research, reproducible, clinically relevant biomarkers for schizophrenia have not yet been established. This article reviews current advances in evaluating the use of language as a diagnostic or prognostic tool in schizophrenia.RECENT FINDINGS: The development of computational linguistic tools to quantify language disturbances is rapidly gaining ground in the field of schizophrenia research. Current applications are the use of semantic space models and acoustic analyses focused on phonetic markers. These features are used in machine learning models to distinguish patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls or to predict conversion to psychosis in high-risk groups, reaching accuracy scores (generally ranging from 80 to 90%) that exceed clinical raters. Other potential applications for a language biomarker in schizophrenia are monitoring of side effects, differential diagnostics and relapse prevention.SUMMARY: Language disturbances are a key feature of schizophrenia. Although in its early stages, the emerging field of research focused on computational linguistics suggests an important role for language analyses in the diagnosis and prognosis of schizophrenia. Spoken language as a biomarker for schizophrenia has important advantages because it can be objectively and reproducibly quantified. Furthermore, language analyses are low-cost, time efficient and noninvasive in nature. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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