Urine Spot Samples Can Be Used to Estimate 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion in Children
| Autor: | Arnaud Chiolero, Michel Russo, Pascal Bovet, Michel F. Rossier, René Tabin, Bernard Genin, Magali Rios-Leyvraz, Murielle Bochud |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Adolescent Sodium Urinary system Medicine (miscellaneous) chemistry.chemical_element Urine 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Urine collection device Excretion 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Animal science Humans Medicine 030212 general & internal medicine Salt intake 610 Medicine & health Child Urine Specimen Collection Morning Nutrition and Dietetics business.industry Sodium Dietary Cross-Sectional Studies Female Sodium/urine Sodium Dietary/administration & dosage chemistry business 360 Social problems & social services |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of nutrition, vol. 148, no. 12, pp. 1946-1953 |
| Popis: | Background The gold standard to assess salt intake is 24-h urine collections. Use of a urine spot sample can be a simpler alternative, especially when the goal is to assess sodium intake at the population level. Several equations to estimate 24-h urinary sodium excretion from urine spot samples have been tested in adults, but not in children. Objective The objective of this study was to assess the ability of several equations and urine spot samples to estimate 24-h urinary sodium excretion in children. Methods A cross-sectional study of children between 6 and 16 y of age was conducted. Each child collected one 24-h urine sample and 3 timed urine spot samples, i.e., evening (last void before going to bed), overnight (first void in the morning), and morning (second void in the morning). Eight equations (i.e., Kawasaki, Tanaka, Remer, Mage, Brown with and without potassium, Toft, and Meng) were used to estimate 24-h urinary sodium excretion. The estimates from the different spot samples and equations were compared with the measured excretion through the use of several statistics. Results Among the 101 children recruited, 86 had a complete 24-h urine collection and were included in the analysis (mean age: 10.5 y). The mean measured 24-h urinary sodium excretion was 2.5 g (range: 0.8-6.4 g). The different spot samples and equations provided highly heterogeneous estimates of the 24-h urinary sodium excretion. The overnight spot samples with the Tanaka and Brown equations provided the most accurate estimates (mean bias: -0.20 to -0.12 g; correlation: 0.48-0.53; precision: 69.7-76.5%; sensitivity: 76.9-81.6%; specificity: 66.7%; and misclassification: 23.0-27.7%). The other equations, irrespective of the timing of the spot, provided less accurate estimates. Conclusions Urine spot samples, with selected equations, might provide accurate estimates of the 24-h sodium excretion in children at a population level. At an individual level, they could be used to identify children with high sodium excretion. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02900261. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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