Clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer using digital rectal examination and prostate-specific antigen tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis of sensitivity and specificity
| Autor: | Simon I. Okekpa, Stanley Njaka, Nelson C. Okpua, Augusta Nkechi Emeh |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Oncology
medicine.medical_specialty Urology Population Digital rectal examination (DRE) lcsh:RC870-923 03 medical and health sciences Prostate cancer 0302 clinical medicine Sensitivity Prostate Internal medicine medicine 030212 general & internal medicine education Prostate-specific antigen test (PSAT) education.field_of_study medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry Cancer Rectal examination medicine.disease lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology Prostate-specific antigen medicine.anatomical_structure Prostate cancer screening 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Meta-analysis Specificity business Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) |
| Zdroj: | African Journal of Urology, Vol 27, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1961-9987 1110-5704 |
| Popis: | Background Being diagnosed with cancer, irrespective of type initiates a serious psychological concern. The increasing rate of detection of indolent prostate cancers is a source of worry to public health. Digital rectal examination and prostate-specific antigen tests are the commonly used prostate cancer screening tests. Understanding the diagnostic accuracies of these tests may provide clearer pictures of their characteristics and values in prostate cancer diagnosis. This review compared the sensitivities and specificities of digital rectal examination and prostate-specific antigen test in detection of clinically important prostate cancers using studies from wider population. Main body We conducted literature search in PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Wiley Online, CINAHL, Scopus, AJOL and Google Scholar, using key words and Boolean operators. Studies comparing the sensitivity and specificity of digital rectal examination and prostate-specific antigen tests in men 40 years and above, using biopsy as reference standard were retrieved. Data were extracted and analysed using Review manager (RevMan 5.3) statistical software. The overall quality of the studies was good, and heterogeneity was observed across the studies. The result comparatively shows that prostate-specific antigen test has higher sensitivity (P P Conclusion Prostate-specific antigen test has higher sensitivity and specificity in detecting prostate cancers from men of multiple ethnic origins. However, combination of prostate-specific antigen test and standardized digital rectal examination procedure, along with patients history, may improve the accuracy and minimize over-diagnoses of indolent prostate cancers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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