Spines of the porcupine fish: Structure, composition, and mechanical properties
| Autor: | Thomas J. Deerinck, Olivia A. Graeve, Joanna McKittrick, Frances Y. Su, Vlado A. Lubarda, Eric A. Bushong, David Kisailus, Kyungah Seo, Steven Herrera |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Diffraction Cantilever Materials science Animal Scales Biomedical Engineering Mineralogy 02 engineering and technology law.invention Biomaterials Stress (mechanics) 03 medical and health sciences X-Ray Diffraction law Animals Composite material Fishes Spectrometry X-Ray Emission Nanoindentation 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Microstructure Nanocrystalline material Biomechanical Phenomena 030104 developmental biology Mechanics of Materials Stress Mechanical Electron microscope 0210 nano-technology Beam (structure) |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials. 73 |
| ISSN: | 1878-0180 |
| Popis: | This paper explores the structure, composition, and mechanical properties of porcupine fish spines for the first time. The spine was found to be composed of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite, protein (collagen), and water using X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Microstructures have mineralized fibrillar sheets in the longitudinal direction and in a radial orientation in the transverse direction that were observed using light and electron microscopy. Based on the images, the hierarchical structure of the spine shows both concentric and radial reinforcement. Mechanical properties were obtained using cantilever beam and nanoindentation tests. A tapered cantilever beam model was developed and compared to that of a uniform cantilever beam. The tapered beam model showed that while the stresses experienced were similar to those of the uniform beam, the location of the maximum stress was near the distal region of the beam rather than at the base, which allows the porcupine fish to conserve energy and resources if the spine is fractured. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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