Optimization of the skimmed-milk flocculation method for recovery of adenovirus from sludge
| Autor: | Marcelo Henrique Otenio, Betânia Paiva Drumond, Andrêssa Silvino Ferreira Assis, Maria Luzia da Rosa e Silva, Tulio Machado Fumian, Marize Pereira Miagostovich |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Flocculation Environmental Engineering food.ingredient 030106 microbiology Sewage 010501 environmental sciences Waste Disposal Fluid 01 natural sciences Matrix (chemical analysis) 03 medical and health sciences food Skimmed milk Humans Environmental Chemistry Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Waste management Chemistry business.industry Adenoviruses Human Contamination Pulp and paper industry Pollution Sewage treatment business Viral load Sludge |
| Zdroj: | Science of The Total Environment. 583:163-168 |
| ISSN: | 0048-9697 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.045 |
| Popis: | Return of treated sludge to the environment poses concerns and has stimulated the development of studies on viral monitoring in this matrix, in order to assess its potential risks for public health. Human adenovirus (HAdV) has been identified as a putative viral marker of faecal contamination due to its stability and resistance to the sewage treatment process. The aim of this study was to optimize the organic flocculation procedure in order to establish an appropriate methodology for HAdV recovery from sewage sludge samples. Four protocols (A-D) have been proposed, with changes in the initial sample dilution, in the stirring time and in the final concentration of skimmed-milk. A single sludge sample was obtained in Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) and divided into aliquots. In each protocol, three aliquots were inoculated with HAdV and bacteriophage PP7 and a non-inoculated one was used as negative control. Viral load and recovery rate were determined by quantitative PCR. HAdV recovery rate varied between the protocols tested (p=0.016) and the best result was obtained through the protocol C. In order to confirm this result a field study with activated, thickened and digested sludge samples was carried out. Different types of sludge were obtained in two WWTPs and processed using protocol C. HAdV was detected in all samples, with a similar or higher viral load than those obtained with other concentration techniques already applied to sludge. Protocol C proved to be really efficient, with the advantage of showing low cost and practicability in routine laboratories. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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