The basal forebrain cholinergic system: efferent and afferent connectivity and long-term effects of lesions

Autor: Ronald P.A. Gaykema, Pgm Luiten, J. Traber, Louis B. Hersh, G. Gaal
Rok vydání: 1991
Předmět:
Male
Aging
CORTICAL PROJECTION
Hippocampus
PREFRONTAL CORTEX
Nucleus basalis
Synaptic Transmission
Cortex (anatomy)
Neuropeptide Y
Receptors
Cholinergic
Cerebral Cortex
Neurons
Brain Mapping
Basal forebrain
Neocortex
Brain
Anatomy
Amygdala
SOMATOSTATIN-IMMUNOREACTIVE NEURONS
HIPPOCAMPAL-FORMATION
Receptors
Muscarinic
Frontal Lobe
ALZHEIMER-TYPE DEMENTIA
Psychiatry and Mental health
medicine.anatomical_structure
Cholinergic Fibers
MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR
NEUROPEPTIDE-Y
Septum Pellucidum
NUCLEUS BASALIS
RAT CEREBRAL-CORTEX
Somatostatin
LONG-TERM LESION
Serotonin
CORTICAL PROJECTION PATTERNS
Biology
Efferent Pathways
PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS-LEUCOAGGLUTININ
medicine
Animals
Cholinergic neuron
ACETYLTRANSFERASE IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY
Afferent Pathways
PHA-L ANTEROGRADE TRACING
Rats
Inbred Strains
NEUROPEPTIDE-Y IMMUNOREACTIVITY
BASAL FOREBRAIN CHOLINERGIC NUCLEUS
Rats
Microscopy
Electron
DIAGONAL BAND
nervous system
ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
Nerve Degeneration
Synapses
Cholinergic
Neuroscience
Brain Stem
Zdroj: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 83, 14-26. Wiley
ISSN: 1600-0447
0001-690X
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb03105.x
Popis: The first part of this article deals with several aspects of efferents and afferents of the rat basal forebrain cholinergic system (BFChS) studied with anterograde transport of Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L). PHA-L tracing of the BFChS efferents revealed topographically differentiated axonal trajectories and patterns of presynaptic endings to the neocortex, mesocortex, olfactory nuclei and hippocampus. Combining this method with second immunolabeling, we identified the muscarinic cholinoceptive neurons in the neocortex and the somatostatinergic neurons in the hippocampus as being directly innervated by the magnocellular basal nucleus and the medial septum, respectively. The prefrontal cortex was identified as a source of afferent input to the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. This projection also exhibits a topographic organization, which shows a reciprocal relationship with the BFChS efferents to the cortex. The second part of this article describes the anatomical changes of cortical cholinergic and some other neurotransmitter systems after long-term cholinergic denervation in the aged rat cortex. The spared cholinergic projection in the largely denervated areas shows abundant malformations, which are similar in appearance to the anatomical alterations of the surviving cholinergic fibers in dementia of the Alzheimer type (AD). Hypertrophic changes also occur in the serotonergic system. The neuropeptide-Y- and somatostatin-containing cortical systems respond with an increment of their axonal densities, in contrast to the decline of these peptides in AD. Although transsynaptic effects are mediated by long-term cholinergic lesions, they do not support the hypothesis that the cholinergic deficiency is a primary event in the pathophysiology of AD.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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