Abasic Analogues of TSAO-T as the First Sugar Derivatives That Specifically Inhibit HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase
| Autor: | § and Ana San-Félix, § Angel Martín-Domenech, Sonsoles Velázquez, Erik De Clercq, Cristina Chamorro, María-José Camarasa, María-Jesús Pérez-Pérez, María-Luisa Jimeno, Carlos Perez, Federico Gago, Jan Balzarini, Rosa Alvarez |
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| Rok vydání: | 1998 |
| Předmět: |
Models
Molecular Anomer Anti-HIV Agents Stereochemistry Carbohydrates Virus Replication Chemical synthesis Cell Line Mice Structure-Activity Relationship chemistry.chemical_compound Drug Discovery Animals Humans Urea Structure–activity relationship Spiro Compounds Uridine Binding Sites Chemistry Dihydrouracil HIV Reverse Transcriptase Thymine Thiourea HIV-2 HIV-1 Nucleic acid Carbohydrate Metabolism Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Molecular Medicine Nucleoside Thymidine |
| Zdroj: | Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname |
| ISSN: | 1520-4804 0022-2623 |
| DOI: | 10.1021/jm980370m |
| Popis: | With the aim of assessing the role that the thymine base of TSAO-T may play in the interaction of TSAO compounds with HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), we have designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anti-HIV-1 activity a series of 3-spiro sugar derivatives substituted at the anomeric position with nonaromatic rings or with amine, amide, urea, or thiourea moieties that mimic parts or the whole thymine base of TSAO-T. Also, a dihydrouracil TSAO analogue and O-glycosyl 3-spiro sugar derivatives substituted at the anomeric position with methyloxy or benzyloxy groups have been prepared. Compounds substituted at the anomeric position with an azido, amino, or methoxy group, respectively, were devoid of marked antiviral activity (EC50:10-200 íM). However, the substituted urea sugar derivatives led to an increase in antiviral potency (EC50: 0.35-4 íM), among them those urea derivatives that mimic most closely the intact TSAO-T molecule retained the highest antiviral activity. Also, the dihy- drouracil TSAO derivative retained pronounced anti-HIV-1 activity. None of the compounds showed any anti-HIV-2 activity. The results described herein represent the first examples of sugar derivatives that interact in a specific manner with HIV-1 RT. Molecular modeling studies carried out with a prototype urea derivative indicate that a heteroaromatic ring is not an absolute requirement for a favorable interaction between TSAO-T and HIV-1 RT. Urea derivatives, which can mimic to a large extent both the shape and the electrostatic potential of a thymine ring, can effectively replace this nucleic acid base when incorporated into a TSAO molecular framework with only moderate loss of activity. We thank Francisco Caballero for editorial assistance and Lizette van Berckelaer and Ann Absillis for excellent technical assistance. This research was supported in part by grants from the Spanish CICYT (Project SAF97-0048-C02-01), the NATO Collaborative Research (Grant No. CRG 920777), and the Biomedical Research Programme of the European Commission (Project BMH4-CT97-2161). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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