The Compromised Recognition of Turnip Crinkle Virus1 Subfamily of Microrchidia ATPases Regulates Disease Resistance in Barley to Biotrophic and Necrotrophic Pathogens
| Autor: | Sabrina von Einem, Murli Manohar, Jafargholi Imani, Hong-Gu Kang, Rebekka Schmidt, Aline Koch, Katrin Ehlers, Gregor Langen, Karl-Heinz Kogel, Hyong Woo Choi, Subhash B. Pai, Daniel F. Klessig, Yogendra Bordiya, Martina Claar, Hyunggon Mang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Subfamily
DNA Plant Physiology Molecular Sequence Data Mutant Arabidopsis Pseudomonas syringae Blumeria graminis chemical and pharmacologic phenomena Plant Science Plant disease resistance Genes Plant Article Ascomycota Fusarium Gene Expression Regulation Plant Sequence Homology Nucleic Acid Genetics Plant Immunity Amino Acid Sequence Gene Silencing Gene Phylogeny Disease Resistance Plant Diseases Plant Proteins Adenosine Triphosphatases Cell Nucleus biology fungi food and beverages Hordeum biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition Plants Genetically Modified biology.organism_classification DNA Transposable Elements bacteria Carmovirus Botrytis Hordeum vulgare Powdery mildew Protein Binding |
| Zdroj: | Plant Physiology. 164:866-878 |
| ISSN: | 1532-2548 0032-0889 |
| Popis: | MORC1 and MORC2, two of the seven members of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Compromised Recognition of Turnip Crinkle Virus1 subfamily of microrchidia Gyrase, Heat Shock Protein90, Histidine Kinase, MutL (GHKL) ATPases, were previously shown to be required in multiple layers of plant immunity. Here, we show that the barley (Hordeum vulgare) MORCs also are involved in disease resistance. Genome-wide analyses identified five MORCs that are 37% to 48% identical on the protein level to AtMORC1. Unexpectedly, and in clear contrast to Arabidopsis, RNA interference-mediated knockdown of MORC in barley resulted in enhanced basal resistance and effector-triggered, powdery mildew resistance locus A12-mediated resistance against the biotrophic powdery mildew fungus (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei), while MORC overexpression decreased resistance. Moreover, barley knockdown mutants also showed higher resistance to Fusarium graminearum. Barley MORCs, like their Arabidopsis homologs, contain the highly conserved GHKL ATPase and S5 domains, which identify them as members of the MORC superfamily. Like AtMORC1, barley MORC1 (HvMORC1) binds DNA and has Mn2+-dependent endonuclease activities, suggesting that the contrasting function of MORC1 homologs in barley versus Arabidopsis is not due to differences in their enzyme activities. In contrast to AtMORCs, which are involved in silencing of transposons that are largely restricted to pericentromeric regions, barley MORC mutants did not show a loss-of-transposon silencing regardless of their genomic location. Reciprocal overexpression of MORC1 homologs in barley and Arabidopsis showed that AtMORC1 and HvMORC1 could not restore each other's function. Together, these results suggest that MORC proteins function as modulators of immunity, which can act negatively (barley) or positively (Arabidopsis) dependent on the species. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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