Variation in activity rates may explain sex-specific dorsal color patterns in Habronattus jumping spiders
| Autor: | Kevin J. McGraw, Collette Cook, Lisa A. Taylor |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0106 biological sciences Leaves Ecological selection Speciation Wasps Social Sciences Predation Plant Science 01 natural sciences Courtship Psychology media_common Sex Characteristics 0303 health sciences Multidisciplinary Ecology Animal Behavior biology Plant Anatomy Biological Mimicry Eukaryota Spiders Trophic Interactions Insects Community Ecology Sympatric speciation Medicine Imitation Female Research Article Evolutionary Processes Deception Arthropoda Science Movement media_common.quotation_subject Color Zoology Context (language use) 010603 evolutionary biology 03 medical and health sciences Cryptic Speciation Habronattus Animals 030304 developmental biology Behavior Evolutionary Biology Dichromatism Ants Ecology and Environmental Sciences Organisms Biology and Life Sciences biology.organism_classification Invertebrates Hymenoptera Biological Variation Population Predatory Behavior Mimicry |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 10, p e0223015 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0223015 |
| Popis: | In many animals, color pattern and behavior interact to deceive predators. For mimics, such deception can range from precise (near-perfect mimicry) to only subtle resemblance (imperfect mimicry) and such strategies often differ by sex because of differing ecological selection pressures. In this field study, we examine variation in behavior and ecology that may be linked with sex differences in dorsal color pattern in three sympatric species of Habronattus jumping spiders (H. clypeatus, H. hallani, H. pyrrithrix). Males of these species have conspicuous dorsal patterning that is subtly reminiscent of the general color patterns of wasps and bees, while females are cryptic. We show that, compared with females, these conspicuous males exhibited increased leg-waving behavior outside of the context of courtship; such behavior is common in jumping spiders that mimic wasps and bees presumably because a mimic's waving legs resemble antennae. Males of a fourth sympatric species (H. hirsutus) without conspicuous dorsal patterning did not exhibit increased leg-waving. These results are consistent with and offer preliminary support for the idea that male color and behavior may work together to deceive predators. We also examined whether higher movement rates of males (who must wander to find females) and/or different use of the microhabitat by the sexes could explain sexual dichromatism. We found that microhabitat use was similar for males and females, but males of all three conspicuously-colored species spent more time actively moving than females. To our knowledge, this is the first study to speculate that conspicuous male dorsal coloration in Habronattus may have a deceptive function, and to explore why dorsal coloration differs between the sexes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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