Australian shellfish ecosystems: Past distribution, current status and future direction
| Autor: | Ian M. McLeod, Emma Lebrault, Christine Crawford, Colin Creighton, Kylie Russell, Bryn Warnock, Ben Diggles, Agnes Le Port, Gideon Heller-Wagner, Chris L. Gillies, Peter G. Cook, Paul A. Hamer, John Ford, Heidi K. Alleway, Marcus Sheaves |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Biodiversity Marine and Aquatic Sciences lcsh:Medicine Aquaculture 01 natural sciences Ecosystem services Geographical Locations Oysters Coastal Ecosystems Water Quality Ostrea lcsh:Science Marine Ecosystems Multidisciplinary Ecology biology Eukaryota Agriculture Geography Research Article Marine conservation Bivalves Oceania Fisheries Ostrea angasi 010603 evolutionary biology Ecosystems Animals Marine ecosystem Ecosystem Restoration ecology Shellfish business.industry 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology Ecology and Environmental Sciences lcsh:R Australia Organisms Biology and Life Sciences Molluscs biology.organism_classification Invertebrates Fishery People and Places Earth Sciences Reefs lcsh:Q business |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 2, p e0190914 (2018) PLoS ONE |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | We review the status of marine shellfish ecosystems formed primarily by bivalves in Australia, including: identifying ecosystem-forming species, assessing their historical and current extent, causes for decline and past and present management. Fourteen species of bivalves were identified as developing complex, three-dimensional reef or bed ecosystems in intertidal and subtidal areas across tropical, subtropical and temperate Australia. A dramatic decline in the extent and condition of Australia’s two most common shellfish ecosystems, developed by Saccostrea glomerata and Ostrea angasi oysters, occurred during the mid-1800s to early 1900s in concurrence with extensive harvesting for food and lime production, ecosystem modification, disease outbreaks and a decline in water quality. Out of 118 historical locations containing O. angasi-developed ecosystems, only one location still contains the ecosystem whilst only six locations are known to still contain S. glomerata-developed ecosystems out of 60 historical locations. Ecosystems developed by the introduced oyster Crasostrea gigas are likely to be increasing in extent, whilst data on the remaining 11 ecosystem-forming species are limited, preventing a detailed assessment of their current ecosystem-forming status. Our analysis identifies that current knowledge on extent, physical characteristics, biodiversity and ecosystem services of Australian shellfish ecosystems is extremely limited. Despite the limited information on shellfish ecosystems, a number of restoration projects have recently been initiated across Australia and we propose a number of existing government policies and conservation mechanisms, if enacted, would readily serve to support the future conservation and recovery of Australia’s shellfish ecosystems. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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