Performance of Hydrogen Storage Tanks of Type IV in a Fire: Effect of the State of Charge
| Autor: | Dmitry Makarov, Sergii Kashkarov, Vladimir Molkov |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
decomposition temperature and heat
Fire-resistance rating Science (General) Materials science Hydrogen burst pressure ratio Nuclear engineering Composite number chemistry.chemical_element fire-resistance rating state of charge hydrogen storage tank Overwrap Q1-390 Hydrogen storage State of charge chemistry Heat transfer Material properties liner melting |
| Zdroj: | Hydrogen, Vol 2, Iss 21, Pp 386-398 (2021) Hydrogen Volume 2 Issue 4 Pages 21-398 |
| ISSN: | 2673-4141 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/hydrogen2040021 |
| Popis: | The use of hydrogen storage tanks at 100% of nominal working pressure (NWP) is expected only after refuelling. Driving between refuellings is characterised by the state of charge SoC < 100%. There is experimental evidence that Type IV tanks tested in a fire at initial pressures below 1/3 NWP, leaked without rupture. This paper aims at understanding this phenomenon. The numerical research has demonstrated that the heat transfer from fire through the composite overwrap at storage pressures below NWP/3 is sufficient to melt the polymer liner. This melting initiates hydrogen microleaks through the composite before it loses the load-bearing ability. The fire-resistance rating (FRR) is defined as the time to rupture in a fire of a tank without or with blocked thermally activated pressure relief device. The dependence of a FRR on the SoC is demonstrated for the tanks with defined material properties and volumes in the range of 36–244 L. A composite wall thickness variation is shown to cause a safety issue by reducing the tank’s FRR and is suggested to be addressed by tank manufacturers and OEMs. The effect of a tank’s burst pressure ratio on the FRR is investigated. Thermal parameters of the composite wall, i.e., decomposition heat and temperatures, are shown in simulations of a tank failure in a fire to play an important role in its FRR. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|