Leprosy survey among rural communities and wild armadillos from Amazonas state, Northern Brazil
Autor: | Igor Manhães, Emília Pereira, Mariane Martins de Araújo Stefani, Patricia Costa, Gerson Oliveira Penna, Marcos Virmond, Luciana Raquel Vincenzi Fachin, Maria Araci de Andrade Pontes, Antônio Pedro Mendes Schetinni, Ida Maria Foschiani Dias Batista, Maria Lúcia Fernandes Penna, Patricia Rosa, Maurício Barcelos Costa |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Bacterial Diseases Male Rural Population Veterinary medicine Armadillos Marine and Aquatic Sciences Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Geographical locations Animal Cells Surveys and Questionnaires Zoonoses Medicine and Health Sciences Mycobacterium leprae Skin Mammals Multidisciplinary biology integumentary system Eutheria Incidence Zoonosis Eukaryota Mycobacterium Leprae Actinobacteria Infectious Diseases Granuloma Armadillo Vertebrates Granulomas Medicine Female Leprosy Cellular Types Brazil Research Article Neglected Tropical Diseases Freshwater Environments Adult medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Immune Cells Science 030106 microbiology Immunology Langhans giant cell Histopathology 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult Signs and Symptoms Diagnostic Medicine biology.animal medicine Animals Humans Ecosystem Disease Reservoirs Bacteria Ecology and Environmental Sciences Organisms Biology and Life Sciences Aquatic Environments Cell Biology South America Bodies of Water biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Xenarthra Tropical Diseases Lakes 030104 developmental biology Dasypus novemcinctus Anatomical Pathology Amniotes Earth Sciences Lesions Leprosy Paucibacillary People and places |
Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 1, p e0209491 (2019) PLoS ONE |
ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
Popis: | There is evidence that in southern US, leprosy is a zoonosis infecting wild Dasypus novemcinctus armadillos but the extent of this finding is unknown. This ecological study investigated leprosy in rural communities and in wild armadillos from the Brazilian Amazon. The study area was the Mamia Lake of Coari municipality, Amazonas State, Northern region, a hyper endemic leprosy area where residents live on subsistence farming, fishing and armadillo hunting and its meat intake are frequent. The leprosy survey was conducted in sixteen communities by a visiting team of specialists. Local partakers provided wild armadillos to investigate M. leprae infection. Volunteers had complete dermato-neurological examination by a dermatologist with expertise in leprosy diagnosis, suspect skin lesions were biopsied for histopathology (Hematoxylin-eosin/HE, Fite-Faraco/FF staining); slit skin smears were collected. Armadillos' tissue fragments (skins, spleens, livers, lymph nodes, adrenal glands, others) were prepared for histopathology (HE/FF) and for M. leprae repetitive element-RLEP-qPCR. Among 176 volunteers, six new indeterminate leprosy cases were identified (incidence = 3.4%). Suspect skin sections and slit skin smears were negative for bacilli. Twelve wild D. novemcinctus were investigated (48 specimens/96 slides) and histopathological features of M. leprae infection were not found, except for one skin presenting unspecific inflammatory infiltrate suggestive of indeterminate leprosy. Possible traumatic neuroma, granuloma with epithelioid and Langhans cells, foreign-body granuloma were also identified. Granulomatous/non-granulomatous dermatitides were periodic-acid-Schiff/PAS negative for fungus. M. leprae-RLEP-qPCR was negative in all armadillos' tissues; no bacillus was found in histopathology. Our survey in rural communities confirmed the high endemicity for leprosy while one armadillo was compatible with paucibacillary M. leprae infection. At least in the highly endemic rural area of Coari, in the Brazilian Amazon region where infectious sources from untreated multibacillary leprosy are abundant, M. leprae infected armadillos may not represent a major source of infection nor a significant public health concern. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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