Safety effectiveness of closed-transfer, mixing-loading, and application equipment in preventing exposure to pesticides
| Autor: | A. S. Fredrickson, L Rivera, T. Jackson, K. T. Maddy, N. B. Akesson, J. B. Knaak |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1980 |
| Předmět: |
Carbamate
Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis medicine.medical_treatment Urine Toxicology chemistry.chemical_compound Organophosphorus Compounds Protective Clothing medicine Cholinesterases Humans Ecotoxicology Pesticides Pesticide residue Air Pesticide Residues General Medicine Pesticide Phosphate Pollution Agricultural Workers' Diseases Equipment and Supplies Wastewater chemistry Environmental chemistry Mevinphos |
| Zdroj: | Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 9:231-245 |
| ISSN: | 1432-0703 0090-4341 |
| Popis: | Blood cholinesterase (CHE) activities and urinary dialkyl phosphate levels of five mixer-loaders and four mixer-loader applicators, using a closed-transfer system in conjunction with mixing-loading and application equipment, were monitored over a period of 18 weeks. Airborne pesticide residues in the breathing zone during mixing-loading and the transfer of concentrated liquid pesticide from their original container to mix and spray tanks were determined along with airborne residues during ground application. Blood ChE activities of the majority of the workers increased slightly during the study with increased use of toxic organophosphates and carbamates. Urinary dialkyl phosphate levels varied between 0.02 and 2.4 ppm. During the study, the blood ChE activities of two mixer-loaders decreased and dialkyl phosphate levels of 2.4 ppm were found in the urine of one worker. An investigation indicated that the workers had failed to use the provided closed-transfer system. Airborne residues from liquid pesticides during closed transfer and mixing-loading averaged 5.8 microgram/m3, while residues from dusty powders averaged 152 microgram/m3. Airborne residues during ground application averaged 3.7 microgram/m3 during the workday. Mevinphos residues on cloth patches averaged 0.2 microgram/cm2. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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