Maturation of Brain Microstructure and Metabolism Associates with Increased Capacity for Self-Regulation during the Transition from Childhood to Adolescence
| Autor: | Lori Hoepner, Danielle Hart, Molly Algermissen, Howard Andrews, Bradley S. Peterson, Wanda E. Garcia, Ravi Bansal, Frederica P. Perera, Sharon H. O'Neil, Siddhant Sawardekar, Mary Baron Nelson, Virginia Rauh, Jessica L. Wisnowski |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Synaptic pruning Thalamus Population Neuropsychological Tests Self-Control White matter 03 medical and health sciences Executive Function 0302 clinical medicine Child Development Cognition Fractional anisotropy medicine Humans education Child Research Articles 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences education.field_of_study Aspartic Acid General Neuroscience Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging medicine.anatomical_structure Cross-Sectional Studies Diffusion Tensor Imaging nervous system Posterior cingulate Female Psychology Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Diffusion MRI |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. 39(42) |
| ISSN: | 1529-2401 |
| Popis: | Children ages 9–12 years face increasing social and academic expectations that require mastery of their thoughts, emotions, and behavior. Little is known about the development of neural pathways integral to these improving capacities during the transition from childhood to adolescence. Among 234 healthy, inner-city male and female youth (speciesHomo sapiens) 9–12 years of age followed by the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, we acquired diffusion tensor imaging, multiplanar chemical shift imaging, and cognitive measures requiring self-regulation. We found that increasing age was associated with increased fractional anisotropy and decreased apparent diffusion coefficient, most prominently in the frontal and cingulate cortices, striatum, thalamus, deep white matter, and cerebellum. Additionally, we found increasing age was associated with increasedN-acetyl-l-aspartate (NAA) in the anterior cingulate and insular cortices, and decreased NAA in posterior cingulate and parietal cortices. Age-associated changes in microstructure and neurometabolite concentrations partially mediated age-related improvements in performance on executive function tests. Together, these findings suggest that maturation of key regions within cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical circuits subserve the emergence of improved self-regulatory capacities during the transition from childhood to adolescence.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFew imaging studies of normal brain development have focused on a population of inner-city, racial/ethnic minority youth during the transition from childhood to adolescence, a period when self-regulatory capacities rapidly improve. We used DTI and MPCSI to provide unique windows into brain maturation during this developmental epoch, assessing its mediating influences on age-related improvement in performance on self-regulatory tasks. Our findings suggest that rapid maturation of cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits, represented as progressive white-matter maturation (increasing FA and increasing NAA, Ch, Cr concentrations accompanying advancing age) in frontal regions and related subcortical projections and synaptic pruning (decreasing NAA, Ch, Cr, Glx) in posterior regions, support age-related improvements in executive functioning and self-regulatory capacities in youth 9–12 years of age. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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