Combined Exposure to Alcohol and Tobacco Smoke Changes Oxidative, Inflammatory, and Neurotrophic Parameters in Different Areas of the Brains of Rats
| Autor: | Paula Eliete Rodrigues Bitencourt, Greice Caletti, Rosane Gomez, Alana Witt Hansen, Rianne Remus Pulcinelli, André Quincozes-Santos, Bruna Bellaver, Solange Bandiera, Larissa Daniele Bobermin, Dayane Alves Quinteros |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Physiology Cognitive Neuroscience Alcohol Oxidative phosphorylation Pharmacology medicine.disease_cause Biochemistry Hippocampus Tobacco smoke 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase medicine Animals Rats Wistar 030304 developmental biology Inflammation 0303 health sciences Ethanol biology business.industry Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Neurotoxicity Central Nervous System Depressants Cell Biology General Medicine medicine.disease Corpus Striatum Frontal Lobe Oxidative Stress chemistry biology.protein Tobacco Smoke Pollution business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Oxidative stress Neurotrophin |
| Zdroj: | ACS chemical neuroscience. 10(3) |
| ISSN: | 1948-7193 |
| Popis: | Devastating effects of exposure to alcohol and tobacco smoke on health are extensively reported in the literature. However, few studies have attempted to elucidate the consequences of their combined use on the central nervous system. Here we studied the effect of this combined use on some oxidative, inflammatory, and neurotrophic parameters in the hippocampus, striatum, and frontal cortex of rats. Adult Wistar rats were allocated into control (CT), alcohol (AL), tobacco smoke (TB), or combined (ALTB) groups. Rats were exposed to environmental air (CT and AL groups) or to the smoke from six cigarettes (TB and ALTB groups) immediately after tap water (CT and TB) or 2 g of alcohol/kg (AL and ALTB) oral gavage administration, twice a day, for 4 weeks. On day 28, rats were euthanized and areas of the brain were dissected to evaluate some cellular redox parameters, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. A one-way analysis of variance showed that the ALTB combined treatment significantly increased oxidative stress levels in the hippocampus. ALTB also increased interleukin-1β levels in the striatum and frontal cortex and tumoral necrosis factor-α levels in the frontal cortex compared with those of AL, TB, and CT rats. Combined treatment also decreased the BDNF levels in the frontal cortex of rats. Oxidative damage was found, more importantly, in the hippocampus, and inflammatory parameters were extended to all areas of the brain that were studied. Our results showed an interaction between alcohol and tobacco smoke according to the area of the brain, suggesting an additional risk of neural damage in alcoholics who smoke. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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