Transmission experiments support clade-level differences in the transmission and pathogenicity of Cambodian influenza A/H5N1 viruses

Autor: Sopheaktra Ros, Richard J. Webby, Trushar Jeevan, A. E. Metlin, Songha Tok, Paul F. Horwood, Sareth Rith, Phalla Y, Thomas P. Fabrizio, Erik A. Karlsson, Philippe Buchy, Annika Suttie, Patrick Seiler, Philippe Dussart, Srey Viseth Horm
Přispěvatelé: Unité de Virologie / Virology Unit [Phnom Penh], Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), James Cook University (JCU), St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Federation University [Churchill, Australia], GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines [Singapore], GlaxoSmithKline [Headquarters, London, UK] (GSK), The study was partially funded by the US Agency for International Development [grant number AID-442-G-14-00005]. This work was also partially supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under CEIRS contract no. HHSN272201400006C.
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Epidemiology
viruses
MESH: Virulence
medicine.disease_cause
MESH: Ferrets
Drug Discovery
ducks
MESH: Ducks
MESH: Animals
Clade
MESH: Phylogeny
MESH: Orthomyxoviridae Infections
Phylogeny
Virulence
Transmission (medicine)
poultry
MESH: Influenza
Human
transmission
MESH: Chickens
virus diseases
General Medicine
H5N1
Infectious Diseases
[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology
Enzootic
Original Article
Cambodia
Research Article
MESH: Influenza A Virus
H5N1 Subtype
030106 microbiology
Immunology
Biology
Microbiology
Virus
03 medical and health sciences
Orthomyxoviridae Infections
Species Specificity
MESH: Influenza in Birds
Virology
Influenza
Human
medicine
Animals
Humans
MESH: Species Specificity
MESH: Humans
Influenza A Virus
H5N1 Subtype
avian
MESH: Cambodia
Influenza A/H5N1
Pathogenicity
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1
Influenza
030104 developmental biology
Influenza in Birds
Parasitology
Chickens
ferrets
Zdroj: Emerging microbes & infections
Emerging microbes & infections, Earliest : Springer-Nature ; Latest : Taylor & Francis, 2020, 9 (1), pp.1702-1711. ⟨10.1080/22221751.2020.1792353⟩
Emerging Microbes & Infections
article-version (VoR) Version of Record
ISSN: 2222-1751
Popis: International audience; Influenza A/H5N1 has circulated in Asia since 2003 and is now enzootic in many countries in that region. In Cambodia, the virus has circulated since 2004 and has intermittently infected humans. During this period, we have noted differences in the rate of infections in humans, potentially associated with the circulation of different viral clades. In particular, a reassortant clade 1.1.2 virus emerged in early 2013 and was associated with a dramatic increase in infections of humans (34 cases) until it was replaced by a clade 2.3.2.1c virus in early 2014. In contrast, only one infection of a human has been reported in the 6 years since the clade 2.3.2.1c virus became the dominant circulating virus. We selected three viruses to represent the main viral clades that have circulated in Cambodia (clade 1.1.2, clade 1.1.2 reassortant, and clade 2.3.2.1c), and we conducted experiments to assess the virulence and transmissibility of these viruses in avian (chicken, duck) and mammalian (ferret) models. Our results suggest that the clade 2.3.2.1c virus is more "avian-like," with high virulence in both ducks and chickens, but there is no evidence of aerosol transmission of the virus from ducks to ferrets. In contrast, the two clade 1 viruses were less virulent in experimentally infected and contact ducks. However, evidence of chicken-to-ferret aerosol transmission was observed for both clade 1 viruses. The transmission experiments provide insights into clade-level differences that might explain the variation in A/H5N1 infections of humans observed in Cambodia and other settings.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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