Climate Impact of Finnish Air Pollutants and Greenhouse Gases using Multiple Emission Metrics
| Autor: | Niko Karvosenoja, Ville-Veikko Paunu, Borgar Aamaas, Kaarle Kupiainen, Mikko Savolahti |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
hiilidioksidi
Atmospheric Science haihtuvat orgaaniset yhdisteet 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences climate changes ilman saastuminen environmental effects vaikutukset air pollution 010501 environmental sciences Atmospheric sciences 01 natural sciences 7. Clean energy 2000-2030 lcsh:Chemistry case study ilmastopolitiikka volatile organic compounds 11. Sustainability ilmasto Finland traffic arktinen alue scenarios climate policy lcsh:QC1-999 kasvihuonekaasut ympäristövaikutukset päästöt lämpeneminen arctic region warming 2000-2010 ilmastovaikutukset metrics tapaustutkimus Air pollutants Climate impact effects (results) greenhouse gases air pollutants climate impact climate 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Pollutant Global temperature metriikka emissions carbon dioxide emission metrics climatic effects ilmastonmuutokset skenaariot indicators The arctic ilmansaasteet Arctic lcsh:QD1-999 13. Climate action Greenhouse gas Environmental science Climate model indikaattorit lcsh:Physics |
| Zdroj: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 19, Pp 7743-7757 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 1680-7324 |
| DOI: | 10.5194/acp-2018-1086 |
| Popis: | We present a case study where emission metric values from different studies are applied to estimate global and Arctic temperature impacts of emissions from a northern European country. This study assesses the climate impact of Finnish air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions from 2000 to 2010, as well as future emissions until 2030. We consider both emission pulses and emission scenarios. The pollutants included are SO2, NOx, NH3, non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC), black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), CO, CO2, CH4 and N2O, and our study is the first one for Finland to include all of them in one coherent dataset. These pollutants have different atmospheric lifetimes and influence the climate differently; hence, we look at different climate metrics and time horizons. The study uses the global warming potential (GWP and GWP*), the global temperature change potential (GTP) and the regional temperature change potential (RTP) with different timescales for estimating the climate impacts by species and sectors globally and in the Arctic. We compare the climate impacts of emissions occurring in winter and summer. This assessment is an example of how the climate impact of emissions from small countries and sources can be estimated, as it is challenging to use climate models to study the climate effect of national policies in a multi-pollutant situation. Our methods are applicable to other countries and regions and present a practical tool to analyze the climate impacts in multiple dimensions, such as assessing different sectors and mitigation measures. While our study focuses on short-lived climate forcers, we found that the CO2 emissions have the most significant climate impact, and the significance increases over longer time horizons. In the short term, emissions of especially CH4 and BC played an important role as well. The warming impact of BC emissions is enhanced during winter. Many metric choices are available, but our findings hold for most choices. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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