Hedonic Eating: Sex Differences and Characterization of Orexin Activation and Signaling
| Autor: | Laura Buczek, Jennifer Migliaccio, Gorica D. Petrovich |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male Taste medicine.medical_specialty Lateral hypothalamus Hunger media_common.quotation_subject Biology Article 03 medical and health sciences Eating 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine medicine Animals Palatability Overeating Bulimia media_common Motivation Orexins Sex Characteristics Binge eating General Neuroscience digestive oral and skin physiology Appetite medicine.disease Obesity Orexin Rats 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology Female medicine.symptom 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Neuroscience |
| ISSN: | 1873-7544 |
| Popis: | Palatable taste can stimulate appetite in the absence of hunger, and individual differences in hedonic eating may be critical to overeating. Women are more prone to obesity and binge eating than men, which warrants comparisons of hedonic versus physiological consumption and the underlying neural substrates in both sexes. The current study examined palatable (high-sugar) food consumption in male and female rats under physiological hunger and satiety, and the role of the neuropeptide orexin/hypocretin (ORX). Across multiple tests, females consistently consumed similar amounts of palatable food regardless of whether they were hungry or sated prior to testing. In contrast, males typically adjusted their consumption according to their hunger/satiety state. This difference was specific to palatable food consumption, as both sexes ate standard chow according to their hunger state. ORX is important in food motivation and reward behaviors. Thus, to begin to determine the neuronal mechanisms of hedonic eating, we examined activation and signaling of ORX neurons. We systematically characterized Fos induction patterns of ORX neurons across the entire rostrocaudal extent of the lateral hypothalamus and found that they were activated by food and by fasting in both sexes. Then, we showed that systemic blockade of ORX receptor 1 signaling with SB-334867 decreased palatable food consumption in hungry and sated rats of both sexes. These results demonstrate sex differences in hedonic eating; increased susceptibility in females to overeat palatable food regardless of hunger state, and that ORX is a critical neuropeptide mechanism of hedonic eating in both sexes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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